Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science/Hass > Science: Physics Yr 9 > Flashcards

Science: Physics Yr 9 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a wave?

A

A repeating disturbance or movement that transfers energy through matter or space.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two types of waves?

A

Mechanical Waves and Electromagnetic waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the difference between mechanical and electromagnetic waves?

A

Mechanical Waves need a medium and Electromagnetic does not need a medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the two kinds of mechanical waves?

A

Transverse and Longitudinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a medium?

A

A form of matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some examples of electromagnetic waves?

A

Light, X-Rays, Spectrum Light… Etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is compression?

A

where the particles are compressed, meaning they are pushed closer together, leading to an increase in pressure and density in that region.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is rarefaction

A

where the particles are spread apart, resulting in a decrease in pressure and density.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a longitudinal wave?

A

a type of mechanical wave in which particles in a medium move in the direction that is parallel to the direction of the wave’s propagation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is amplitude?

A

Amplitude is the maximum displacement of particles in a wave from their rest position, indicating the wave’s energy and intensity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the wavelength?

A

The distance between crest to crest or trough to trough of a wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is frequency?

A

The number of complete wave cycles (oscillations) that pass a given point in a specific period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is hertz?

A

Hertz measures the number of wave cycles (or frequency) passing through a given point in a second.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the purpose of a wave?

A

To transfer energy from one point to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Draw and mention the features of a transverse wave

A

it should have amplitude, wavelength, crest, and trough. Look online for a transverse wave or your notes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Draw a longitudinal wave and label its features

A

It should have compressions, rarefactions, and label the parts of low and high pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the particle movement for a longitudinal wave?

A

Particle movements move back and forth while transferring its energy parallel to it (left to right)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the particle movement of a transverse wave?

A

They move up and down while transferring energy from left to right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a transverse wave?

A

A mechanical wave in which moves particles up to down (oscillate) and moves the energy left to right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is pitch

A

the perception of how high or low a sound is, determined by the frequency of the sound wave.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What makes a higher pitch?

A

High frequency results in higher pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What makes a low pitch?

A

Low frequency results in low pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What makes loud sounds?

A

a high amplitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What makes low/soft sounds

A

a low amplitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the calculation involving wavelength, frequency and velocity?

A

Velocity/frequency or wavelength λ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is wavelength measured in?

A

Metres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is velocity measured in?

A

M/S

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is frequency measured in?

A

Hertz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is amplitude measured in?

A

Decibels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Why doesn’t sound travel through space?

A

Because sound needs particles, and since a vacuum in space does not have particles, sound cannot be transmitted through space.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Relate the transmission of sound to density or particles in a medium

A

Since sound needs particles, when particles and atoms are closer together, the faster and longer it will travel, so comparing a solid to air, sound travels faster through a solid then in air since air particles are further apart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Identify key features of the ear

A

Ear, followed by auditory canal, eardrum or tympanic membrane, ossicles, cochlea, auditory nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Purpose of auditory canal

A

used to transmit sound while protecting the internal parts

33
Q

Purpose of tympanic membrane

A

to vibrate in response to sound waves and transmit these vibrations to the tiny bones in the middle ear

34
Q

Purpose of cochlea

A

converts sound vibrations into electrical signals that are sent to the brain, enabling us to hear and interpret sounds.

35
Q

Purpose of auditory nerves

A

Send the signals from the cochlea to the brain and interpret the sound and react to it accordingly.

36
Q

Purpose of ossicles

A

amplify and transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the oval window of the cochlea, enhancing the efficiency of sound transmission to the inner ear.

37
Q

What kind of wave is a sound wave?

A

Longitudinal Waves

38
Q

What kind of wave is light?

A

Electromagnetic wave and transverse wave (an electromagnetic wave is a type of transverse wave

39
Q

Give an example of a transverse wave that needs a medium to pass through

A

Vibrations on a string, or ripples in the water

40
Q

Give an example of a transverse wave that doesn’t need a medium for it to pass through

A

Electromagnetic waves such as light, and the spectrum.

41
Q

List the classes of electromagnetic radiation and their wavelength

A

Radio Waves (1 meter to 100 kilometers), Microwaves (1 millimeter to 1 meter), Infrared, (700 nanometers to 1 millimeter)
Visible Light (400 to 700 nanometers), Ultraviolet (10 to 400 nanometers), X-Rays (0.01 to 10 nanometers), Gamma Rays (Less than 0.01 nanometers)

42
Q

What is the Doppler effect?

A

When a sound source is moving witch causes the waves at the front to have s shorter wavelength causing lower frequency and lower pitch, the wavelength get shorter due to the sound source pushing in to the waves. This also leaves the back side of the sound source to have longer wavelengths due to no disturbance.

43
Q

Do you hear higher or lower pitch/frequency in front of a moving sound source (Doppler effect)?

A

High frequency/pitch.

44
Q

Do you hear higher or lower pitch/frequency in the back side of a moving sound source (Doppler effect)?

A

Lower frequency/pitch.

45
Q

Describe the processes involved in the detection of sound

A

sound waves are converted into mechanical vibrations in the eardrum, then transmitted through the oscicles to the cochlea, where they are converted into electrical signals that are interpreted by the brain.

45
Q

What is a mirror

A

a reflective surface that does not allow the passage of light and instead bounces it off, thus producing an image

46
Q

What is the angle of incidence

A

The angle at which the light enters

47
Q

What is the angle of reflection?

A

The angle at which a light ray bounces off a surface

47
Q

What is a virtual image?

A

an upright image that is achieved where the rays seem to diverge (focal point)

48
Q

What is convex?

A

surface or shape that curves outward, like the exterior of a sphere or a lens that bulges outward.

49
Q

What is concave?

A

surface or shape that curves inward, like the interior of a bowl or a lens that is hollowed out.

50
Q

Describe the relationship between the angle of incidence and angle of reflection

A

The angle of reflection is always equal to the angle of incidence

51
Q

Describe the characteristics of a virtual image

A

When looking in a mirror, left is right and right is left

52
Q

What is refraction?

A

The bending of light when it travels from one medium to another, which causes a change in speed and direction

53
Q

What is a medium?

A

A form of matter such as water, air or glass

54
Q

What is a refractive index

A

measure of the bending of a ray of light when passing from one medium into another.

55
Q

What is a refracted ray?

A

The ray which has entered the second medium and bent

56
Q

What is the angle of refraction?

A

The angle of refraction is the angle at which a light ray bends as it passes from one medium into another

56
Q

What is a lens?

A

A transparent optical device that either converges or diverges light rays to form specific sizes of objects

57
Q

What is convergence?

A

light rays come together or focus at a single point after passing through a lens or reflecting off a curved surface.

58
Q

What is a focus?

A

where light rays converge after passing through a lens or reflecting off a mirror, resulting in a sharp image of the object.

59
Q

What is a focal length?

A

The distance between the center of a lens or mirror and its focus, where light rays converge to form a clear image.

60
Q

What is divergence?

A

Where light rays spread apart or move away from a common point after passing through a lens or reflecting off a surface.

61
Q

What is a virtual focus?

A

a point from which diverging light rays appear to originate when extended backward

62
Q

Describe the refraction of light through a convex lens

A

When light passes through a convex lens, it bends inward, causing parallel rays to converge at the lens’s focal point on the other side.

63
Q

Describe the refraction of light through a concave lens

A

When light passes through a convex lens, it bends inward, causing parallel rays to converge at the lens’s focal point on the other side.

64
Q

Relate the direction of refraction to the change in density of mediums

A

In denser materials, light travels slower, causing it to change direction or refract

65
Q

Define visible spectrum

A

he range of electromagnetic wavelengths that the human eye can perceive as colors

66
Q

Define pupil and what does it do

A

circular opening in the center of the iris of the eye. It regulates the amount of light entering the eye by constricting or dilating.

67
Q

What is the cornea and what does it do

A

Transparent, curved outer layer of the eye that helps to focus light by bending it as it enters the eye and help protect the eye

68
Q

What is the lens in the eye and what does it do

A

A clear substance, it bends the light to focus it on the retina

69
Q

What is the retina and what does it do

A

a light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that converts light into electrical signals which are sent to the optic nerve

70
Q

What is the optic nerve and what does it do

A

nerve fibers that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain, where it is processed into images.

71
Q

What are the main parts in the eye

A

Pupil, cornea, lens, optic nerve, and retina

72
Q

Does the lens in the eye form an inverse image?

A

Yes it does

73
Q

Explain how an image forms on the retina

A

An image forms on the retina when light rays are focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina, where photoreceptor cells convert them into electrical signals sent to the brain.

73
Q

If the lens forms an inverted image, how do we see up the right way?

A

The brain natural configures it for us

74
Q

Provide a disease that affects the eyes and vision

A

anything! e.g: cataracts: a build up of cloudiness in the lens of the eye: comes with old age

75
Q

What is myopia

A

What you are short sighted

76
Q

What is hyperopia

A

When you are long sighted

77
Q

what is colour blindness and relate it to the function of photoreceptors

A

A reduced ability to distinguish between certain colours which are caused by the absence of specific photoreceptors in the retina, called cones

Science/Hass (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions