Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Science/Hass > Science: Physics Yr 9 > Flashcards

Science: Physics Yr 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a wave?

A

A repeating disturbance or movement that transfers energy through matter or space.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two types of waves?

A

Mechanical Waves and Electromagnetic waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the difference between mechanical and electromagnetic waves?

A

Mechanical Waves need a medium and Electromagnetic does not need a medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the two kinds of mechanical waves?

A

Transverse and Longitudinal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a medium?

A

A form of matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some examples of electromagnetic waves?

A

Light, X-Rays, Spectrum Light… Etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is compression?

A

where the particles are compressed, meaning they are pushed closer together, leading to an increase in pressure and density in that region.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is rarefaction

A

where the particles are spread apart, resulting in a decrease in pressure and density.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a longitudinal wave?

A

a type of mechanical wave in which particles in a medium move in the direction that is parallel to the direction of the wave’s propagation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is amplitude?

A

Amplitude is the maximum displacement of particles in a wave from their rest position, indicating the wave’s energy and intensity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the wavelength?

A

The distance between crest to crest or trough to trough of a wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is frequency?

A

The number of complete wave cycles (oscillations) that pass a given point in a specific period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is hertz?

A

Hertz measures the number of wave cycles (or frequency) passing through a given point in a second.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the purpose of a wave?

A

To transfer energy from one point to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Draw and mention the features of a transverse wave

A

it should have amplitude, wavelength, crest, and trough. Look online for a transverse wave or your notes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Draw a longitudinal wave and label its features

A

It should have compressions, rarefactions, and label the parts of low and high pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the particle movement for a longitudinal wave?

A

Particle movements move back and forth while transferring its energy parallel to it (left to right)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the particle movement of a transverse wave?

A

They move up and down while transferring energy from left to right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a transverse wave?

A

A mechanical wave in which moves particles up to down (oscillate) and moves the energy left to right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is pitch

A

the perception of how high or low a sound is, determined by the frequency of the sound wave.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What makes a higher pitch?

A

High frequency results in higher pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What makes a low pitch?

A

Low frequency results in low pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What makes loud sounds?

A

a high amplitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What makes low/soft sounds

A

a low amplitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the calculation involving wavelength, frequency and velocity?
Velocity/frequency or wavelength λ
26
What is wavelength measured in?
Metres
27
What is velocity measured in?
M/S
28
What is frequency measured in?
Hertz
29
What is amplitude measured in?
Decibels
30
Why doesn't sound travel through space?
Because sound needs particles, and since a vacuum in space does not have particles, sound cannot be transmitted through space.
31
Relate the transmission of sound to density or particles in a medium
Since sound needs particles, when particles and atoms are closer together, the faster and longer it will travel, so comparing a solid to air, sound travels faster through a solid then in air since air particles are further apart
32
Identify key features of the ear
Ear, followed by auditory canal, eardrum or tympanic membrane, ossicles, cochlea, auditory nerves
32
Purpose of auditory canal
used to transmit sound while protecting the internal parts
33
Purpose of tympanic membrane
to vibrate in response to sound waves and transmit these vibrations to the tiny bones in the middle ear
34
Purpose of cochlea
converts sound vibrations into electrical signals that are sent to the brain, enabling us to hear and interpret sounds.
35
Purpose of auditory nerves
Send the signals from the cochlea to the brain and interpret the sound and react to it accordingly.
36
Purpose of ossicles
amplify and transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the oval window of the cochlea, enhancing the efficiency of sound transmission to the inner ear.
37
What kind of wave is a sound wave?
Longitudinal Waves
38
What kind of wave is light?
Electromagnetic wave and transverse wave (an electromagnetic wave is a type of transverse wave
39
Give an example of a transverse wave that needs a medium to pass through
Vibrations on a string, or ripples in the water
40
Give an example of a transverse wave that doesn't need a medium for it to pass through
Electromagnetic waves such as light, and the spectrum.
41
List the classes of electromagnetic radiation and their wavelength
Radio Waves (1 meter to 100 kilometers), Microwaves (1 millimeter to 1 meter), Infrared, (700 nanometers to 1 millimeter) Visible Light (400 to 700 nanometers), Ultraviolet (10 to 400 nanometers), X-Rays (0.01 to 10 nanometers), Gamma Rays (Less than 0.01 nanometers)
42
What is the Doppler effect?
When a sound source is moving witch causes the waves at the front to have s shorter wavelength causing lower frequency and lower pitch, the wavelength get shorter due to the sound source pushing in to the waves. This also leaves the back side of the sound source to have longer wavelengths due to no disturbance.
43
Do you hear higher or lower pitch/frequency in front of a moving sound source (Doppler effect)?
High frequency/pitch.
44
Do you hear higher or lower pitch/frequency in the back side of a moving sound source (Doppler effect)?
Lower frequency/pitch.
45
Describe the processes involved in the detection of sound
sound waves are converted into mechanical vibrations in the eardrum, then transmitted through the oscicles to the cochlea, where they are converted into electrical signals that are interpreted by the brain.
45
What is a mirror
a reflective surface that does not allow the passage of light and instead bounces it off, thus producing an image
46
What is the angle of incidence
The angle at which the light enters
47
What is the angle of reflection?
The angle at which a light ray bounces off a surface
47
What is a virtual image?
an upright image that is achieved where the rays seem to diverge (focal point)
48
What is convex?
surface or shape that curves outward, like the exterior of a sphere or a lens that bulges outward.
49
What is concave?
surface or shape that curves inward, like the interior of a bowl or a lens that is hollowed out.
50
Describe the relationship between the angle of incidence and angle of reflection
The angle of reflection is always equal to the angle of incidence
51
Describe the characteristics of a virtual image
When looking in a mirror, left is right and right is left
52
What is refraction?
The bending of light when it travels from one medium to another, which causes a change in speed and direction
53
What is a medium?
A form of matter such as water, air or glass
54
What is a refractive index
measure of the bending of a ray of light when passing from one medium into another.
55
What is a refracted ray?
The ray which has entered the second medium and bent
56
What is the angle of refraction?
The angle of refraction is the angle at which a light ray bends as it passes from one medium into another
56
What is a lens?
A transparent optical device that either converges or diverges light rays to form specific sizes of objects
57
What is convergence?
light rays come together or focus at a single point after passing through a lens or reflecting off a curved surface.
58
What is a focus?
where light rays converge after passing through a lens or reflecting off a mirror, resulting in a sharp image of the object.
59
What is a focal length?
The distance between the center of a lens or mirror and its focus, where light rays converge to form a clear image.
60
What is divergence?
Where light rays spread apart or move away from a common point after passing through a lens or reflecting off a surface.
61
What is a virtual focus?
a point from which diverging light rays appear to originate when extended backward
62
Describe the refraction of light through a convex lens
When light passes through a convex lens, it bends inward, causing parallel rays to converge at the lens's focal point on the other side.
63
Describe the refraction of light through a concave lens
When light passes through a convex lens, it bends inward, causing parallel rays to converge at the lens's focal point on the other side.
64
Relate the direction of refraction to the change in density of mediums
In denser materials, light travels slower, causing it to change direction or refract
65
Define visible spectrum
he range of electromagnetic wavelengths that the human eye can perceive as colors
66
Define pupil and what does it do
circular opening in the center of the iris of the eye. It regulates the amount of light entering the eye by constricting or dilating.
67
What is the cornea and what does it do
Transparent, curved outer layer of the eye that helps to focus light by bending it as it enters the eye and help protect the eye
68
What is the lens in the eye and what does it do
A clear substance, it bends the light to focus it on the retina
69
What is the retina and what does it do
a light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that converts light into electrical signals which are sent to the optic nerve
70
What is the optic nerve and what does it do
nerve fibers that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain, where it is processed into images.
71
What are the main parts in the eye
Pupil, cornea, lens, optic nerve, and retina
72
Does the lens in the eye form an inverse image?
Yes it does
73
Explain how an image forms on the retina
An image forms on the retina when light rays are focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina, where photoreceptor cells convert them into electrical signals sent to the brain.
73
If the lens forms an inverted image, how do we see up the right way?
The brain natural configures it for us
74
Provide a disease that affects the eyes and vision
anything! e.g: cataracts: a build up of cloudiness in the lens of the eye: comes with old age
75
What is myopia
What you are short sighted
76
What is hyperopia
When you are long sighted
77
what is colour blindness and relate it to the function of photoreceptors
A reduced ability to distinguish between certain colours which are caused by the absence of specific photoreceptors in the retina, called cones

Science/Hass (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions