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Attea > Science Periodic Table > Flashcards

Science Periodic Table Flashcards

1
Q

What is a proton’s charge?

A

positive

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2
Q

What is a electron’s charge?

A

negative

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3
Q

What is a neutron’s charge?

A

neutral

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4
Q

What is the mass of a proton?

A

1 amu

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5
Q

What is the mass of a electron?

A

1/2000 amu

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6
Q

What is the mass of a neutron?

A

1 amu

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7
Q

What does amu stand for?

A

atomic mass unit

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8
Q

How do you know how many electrons an atom has?

A

The atomic number is the amount of electrons an atom has

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9
Q

How do you know how many protons an atom has?

A

The atomic number is the amount of protons an atom has

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10
Q

How do you know how many neutrons an atom has?

A

Subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass of the element

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11
Q

What are groups/families?

A

The elements in a column on the periodic table

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12
Q

What are periods?

A

The elements in a row on the periodic table

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13
Q

What do all the elements in a group/family have in common?

A

They all have the same number of valence electrons

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14
Q

What do all the elements in a period have in common?

A

They all have the same number of shells

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15
Q

What is the atomic mass

A

The average mass between all of the atom’s isotopes

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16
Q

What is the name of group 17?

A

Halogens

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17
Q

What is the name of group 18?

A

Noble Gasses

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18
Q

What is the name of group 1?

A

Alkali metals

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19
Q

What is the name of group 2?

A

Alkali(or alkaline) earth metals

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20
Q

What is the name of groups 3-12?

A

Transition Metals

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21
Q

What is the symbol for Sodium?

A

Na

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22
Q

What is the symbol for Calcium?

A

Ca

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23
Q

What is the symbol for Chlorine?

A

Cl

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24
Q

What is the symbol for Potassium?

A

K

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25
Q

What is the symbol for Hydrogen?

A

H

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26
Q

What is the symbol for Helium?

A

He

27
Q

What is the symbol for Carbon?

A

C

28
Q

What is the symbol for Nitrogen?

A

N

29
Q

What is the symbol for Oxygen?

A

O

30
Q

What is the symbol for Magnesium?

A

Mg

31
Q

What is the symbol for Fluorine?

A

Fl

32
Q

What is the symbol for Lithium?

A

Li

33
Q

What is the symbol for Sulfur?

A

S

34
Q

What is the symbol for Aluminum?

A

Al

35
Q

What is the name of groups 1-2?

A

Reactive metals

36
Q

What is the name of the period on the outside of the body and in the first row?

A

Lanthanides

37
Q

Name all the metalloids(8)

A 
Boron(B)
Silicon(Si)
Germanium(Ge)
Arsenic(As)
Antimony(Sb)
Tellurium(Te)
Polonium(Po)
Astatine(At)
38
Q

What is an isotope? How is it shown?

A

Atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons
Ex. Chlorine with 37 as the isotope
Chlorine-37
*This atom has the regular amount of protons(17) and you must subtract to find the number of neutrons, using this as the new atomic mass number(20 neutrons)

39
Q

What is an ion? How is it shown?

A

When an atom gains or loses an electron
Ex. Sodium plus one, plus two, and minus one electron
Na^+; Na^+2; Na^-
(carrot there to show it is like an exponent)

40
Q

What are some characteristics of metals?(3)

A

Shiny
Conduct energy and heat
All solids at room temperature(except mercury)

41
Q

What are some characteristics of alkaline earth metals?(2)

A

Less reactive than alkali metals, but still more reactive than most metals
Never found pure in nature, only as compounds

42
Q

What are some characteristics of transition metals?(3)

A

Generally less reactive
Important to industry
Malleable

43
Q

What are some characteristics of lanthanides?(4)

A

Soft
Shiny
Malleable
High conductivity

44
Q

What is the name of the period on the outside of the body and in the second row?

A

Actinides

45
Q

What is the name of the periods on the outside of the body?

A

Rare Earth elements(lanthanides and actinides)

46
Q

What are some characteristics of actinides?(3)

A

Only two elements exist in nature in significant amounts-thorium and uranium
Other elements were artificially made in labs
The nuclei are very unstable-radioactive

47
Q

What are some characteristics of nonmetals?(4)

A

The properties of nonmetals tend to be the opposite of metals
Dull surfaces, can’t be shaped by hammering
Many are gases at room temperature, except for bromine
Most readily form compounds with many other elements

48
Q

What are some characteristics of halogens?(5)

A

Name comes from greek word meaning “forming salts”
Easily form compounds called salts
Very reactive with metals
Often used to kill harmful microorganisms
Most pure forms are dangerous to humans

49
Q

What are some characteristics of noble gases?

A

Chemically stable and unreactive

50
Q

What are some characteristics of metalloids?(2)

A

Commonly used as semiconductors

Have properties of metals and nonmetals

51
Q

What is a semiconductor?

A

A material that conducts energy under some circumstances, but not others.

52
Q

What determines the identity of an atom?

A

The number of protons

53
Q

When an element foes through a chemical change, why doesn’t it affect the identity of the atom?

A

The change doesn’t affect the nucleus

54
Q

When is an atom considered stable?

A

When it has the right balance of protons and neutrons

55
Q

How can an element of one atom change into an atom of a different element?

A

If an isotope has too little or too many neutrons, the now unstable nucleus will produce particles to restore the balance. The production of these particles can change the number of protons, changing the element.

56
Q

What is a half life?

A

The amount of time it takes for half of the atoms in a particular sample to decay.

57
Q

What is radio active decay?

A

When radioactive atoms produce enough energy and particles from their nuclei to change the number of protons in the atom, changing the element.

58
Q

What is a physical change and what are some examples?(6)

A

A change that doesn’t change the identity of the substance
Bending
Breaking
Change in state of matter(solid, liquid, gas)
Tearing
Folding
Change of color

59
Q

What is a chemical change and what are some examples?()

A 
A change that changes the identity of the substance
Signs of a chemical change:
Production of odor
Change in temperature
Bubbles
The formation of a solid
Gas is produced
Unexpected change in color
Substance disappears
60
Q

What is a chemical change and what are some examples?(7)

A 
A change that changes the identity of the substance
Signs of a chemical change:
Production of odor
Change in temperature
Bubbles
The formation of a solid
Gas is produced
Unexpected change in color
Substance disappears
61
Q

What is a physical property and what are some examples?(11)

A 
Characteristics of a substance that can be identified without changing the substance's identity; using your five senses
Hardness
Color
Texture
Size
Shape
Odor
Shine
Temperature
Density
Viscosity
Melting/Boiling point
62
Q

What is a chemical property and what are some examples?(5)

A 
Characteristics involved when a chemical reaction is happening
Flammability
Rusting
Gas bubbles
New chemical product
Reactivity with water
63
Q

What are some characteristics of alkali metals?(5)

A 
Extremely reactive
Very soft and shiny
Light in weight
Is not found pure in nature because...
They react violently with air and water

Attea (12 decks)

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