Science Part 2: the skeletal system Flashcards
What is a joint?
The point at which 2 or more bones are joined together
What is Osteology?
The study of bone
The adult body is composed of how many bones?
206
The skeletal system is the ___ foundation of the body.
Physical
Where are the long bones in our bodies?
Arms and legs
Where are the flat bones in our bodies?
Skull, scapula, and sternum
Where are the irregular bones in our bodies?
Wrist, ankle, spinal column
Bones are composed of what?
2/3 mineral and 1/3 organic material
Bone stores _______ and produces ______ and ______.
Bone stores calcium and produces white and red blood cells.
What are the 4 functions of the skeletal system?
- Supporting the body
- Surrounding & protecting organs
- Providing a frame for muscle to attach
- Allowing body movement
The skull encloses and protects the _______ and primary sensory _______.
The skull encloses and protects the brain and primary sensory organs.
The skull is divided into 2 groups of bones. What are the 2 groups, and how many bones are in each?
Cranium - 8 bones
Facial skeleton- 14 bones
Of the 8 bones that compose the cranium, only ___ are affected by scalp massage & are frequently referred to.
6
What are the 6 bones affected by scalp message and frequently referred to?
Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
Where is the frontal cranium bone located?
Extends from top of eyes to top of head to form the forehead
Where is the parietal cranium bone located?
2 bones that form the crown and upper sides of the head
Where is occipital cranium bone located?
Forms the back of the skull, indenting above the nape area.
Where is the temporal cranium bone located?
2 bones located on either side of the head, directly above ears and below parietal bones
Of the 14 bones that compose the facial skeleton, only ____ are involved in facial massage.
9
What are the 9 bones in the facial skeleton that are involved in facial massage?
Mandible, maxillae (2), nasal (2), zygomatic (2), lacrimal (2)
Facial skeleton: where is the mandible?
Lower jaw and largest bone of facial skeleton
Facial skeleton: where are the maxillae?
2 bones of upper jaw
Facial skeleton: where are the nasal bones?
2 bones which join to form nose bridge
Facial skeleton: where are the zygomatic bones?
2 bones that form upper cheek and bottom of eye socket
Facial skeleton: where are the lacrimal bones?
Smallest 2 bones of facial skeleton and form the front part of inner-bottom wall of the eye sockets
What/where is the hyoid bone?
U-shaped bone at the base of the tongue; supports tongue muscles
What/where are the cervical vertebrae?
7 bones that form the top part of the spinal column; involved in extended scalp massage.
What/where are the thoracic vertebrae?
12 vertebrae in the chest region that form the central region of the spine
What/where is the sternum?
Breastbone; long, narrow, flat plate that forms the center of the front of the chest
What/where are the ribs?
12 pairs of curved bones that form the rib cage of the upper body
What/where is the clavicle?
Collarbone; forms area from throat to shoulder on right and left side
What/where is the scapula?
Shoulder blade; large, flat bone extending upward from middle of back, on right and left side, to the joint, where it attaches to clavicle
What/where is the humerus?
Largest bone of upper arm; extends from elbow to shoulder
What/where is the radius?
Small bone on thumb side of lower arm or forearm
What/where is the ulna?
Small bone on little finger side of lower arm
What/where are the carpals?
8 small bones held together by ligaments to form wrist or carpus
What/where are the metacarpals?
5 long, thin bones that form the palm of the hand
What/where are the phalanges (in the hand)?
14 bones that form the digits or fingers; each finger has 3 phalanges, while the thumb only has 2
What/where is the femur?
Thigh bone, longest bone in the body
What/where is the patella?
Kneecap; sits over the front of the knee joint
What/where is the tibia?
Shinbone; inner and larger of 2 lower leg bones, extend from knee to ankle
What/where is the fibula?
Outer and narrower of the 2 lower leg bones, extend from knee to ankle
What/where is the talus?
Anklebone; sits above heel bone and forms the lower part of the ankle; talus, tibia, and fibula form the ankle joint
What/where are the tarsals?
7 bones that make up the mid-foot and rear foot
What/where are the metatarsals?
5 long, slender bones (1 for each digit) that connect phalanges to tarsals
What/where are the phalanges (in the foot)
14 bones that form the digits; 2 in the big toe, 3 in other toes
