Science of Language Flashcards
goals of psychological research
- describe behaviour
- understand/explain behaviour - figure out data you have collected
- predict and affect future behaviour - understand the root cause and try to fix it
inductive reasoning
taking information in and try to find patterns
deductive reasoning
making predictions based on data
validity
how accurate
reliability
how consistent
psychological construct
measure something that is internal to a person
ways to measure constructs
- behavioural - observing subject complete a task or watch their behaviour on tests
- physiological - look at hormone levels in blood
- self-report
semantic memory
- things you just know
- words that are related to each other are stored closer to each other
lexical decision task
- quickest answer when the words are both real words and related
- slowest answer when one word is real and the other is a pseudoword
theory
idea used to explain a set of observations and to predict future observations
the research cycle
green arrows slide
a theory must be ____
falsifiable - have to be able to show the theory fale in some way
inferential statistics
when you take the results from your research and infer what the larger population is doing
within-subject design
all participants experience all conditions of independent variable
between-subject design
some people only get a certain condition and other subjects experience the other condition
confounding variable
get results but due to an outside factor that is not IV being affected
practice effect
improvement from beginning to end that has nothing to do with independent variable and that you are just giving the person more practice
fatigue effect
giving subject too much to do so their performance toward end of test isn’t accurate because they are tired
context effect
when one level of IV changes perception of other levels
p-value
p< 0.05 means that you are 95% sure this is real
type 1 error
false positive
type 2 error
false negative
impact factor
the higher the impact factor, the more influentual it is
gyrus
bumpy part
sulcus
groove
fissure
deep groove
frontal lobe
thought, planning
parietal lobe
touch, spatial relation
temporal lobe
hearing, memory
occipital lobe
vision
wernicke’s area
language comprehension
broca’s area
language and speech production
what hemisphere is language lateralized in
left
PET scan
- uses small amount of radioactive water which lights up active areas of the brain
fMRI
-measures blood flow in brain
- bood with more oxy has different magnetic properties than blood with less oxy
EEG
- measures electrical signal in the brain
