Science of Language

Question 1

goals of psychological research

Answer 1

• describe behaviour
• understand/explain behaviour - figure out data you have collected
• predict and affect future behaviour - understand the root cause and try to fix it

Question 2

inductive reasoning

Answer 2

taking information in and try to find patterns

Question 3

deductive reasoning

Answer 3

making predictions based on data

Question 4

validity

Answer 4

how accurate

Question 5

reliability

Answer 5

how consistent

Question 6

psychological construct

Answer 6

measure something that is internal to a person

Question 7

ways to measure constructs

Answer 7

• behavioural - observing subject complete a task or watch their behaviour on tests
• physiological - look at hormone levels in blood
• self-report

Question 8

semantic memory

Answer 8

• things you just know
• words that are related to each other are stored closer to each other

Question 9

lexical decision task

Answer 9

• quickest answer when the words are both real words and related
• slowest answer when one word is real and the other is a pseudoword

Question 10

theory

Answer 10

idea used to explain a set of observations and to predict future observations

Question 11

the research cycle

Answer 11

green arrows slide

Question 12

a theory must be ____

Answer 12

falsifiable - have to be able to show the theory fale in some way

Question 13

inferential statistics

Answer 13

when you take the results from your research and infer what the larger population is doing

Question 14

within-subject design

Answer 14

all participants experience all conditions of independent variable

Question 15

between-subject design

Answer 15

some people only get a certain condition and other subjects experience the other condition

Question 16

confounding variable

Answer 16

get results but due to an outside factor that is not IV being affected

Question 17

practice effect

Answer 17

improvement from beginning to end that has nothing to do with independent variable and that you are just giving the person more practice

Question 18

fatigue effect

Answer 18

giving subject too much to do so their performance toward end of test isn’t accurate because they are tired

Question 19

context effect

Answer 19

when one level of IV changes perception of other levels

Question 20

p-value

Answer 20

p< 0.05 means that you are 95% sure this is real

Question 21

type 1 error

Answer 21

false positive

Question 22

type 2 error

Answer 22

false negative

Question 23

impact factor

Answer 23

the higher the impact factor, the more influentual it is

Question 24

gyrus

Answer 24

bumpy part

Question 25

sulcus

Answer 25

groove

Question 26

fissure

Answer 26

deep groove

Question 27

frontal lobe

Answer 27

thought, planning

Question 28

parietal lobe

Answer 28

touch, spatial relation

Question 29

temporal lobe

Answer 29

hearing, memory

Question 30

occipital lobe

Answer 30

vision

Question 31

wernicke’s area

Answer 31

language comprehension

Question 32

broca’s area

Answer 32

language and speech production

Question 33

what hemisphere is language lateralized in

Answer 33

left

Question 34

PET scan

Answer 34

• uses small amount of radioactive water which lights up active areas of the brain

Question 35

fMRI

Answer 35

-measures blood flow in brain
- bood with more oxy has different magnetic properties than blood with less oxy

Question 36

EEG

Answer 36

• measures electrical signal in the brain