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Science 8 > Science- Immune Systen > Flashcards

Science- Immune Systen Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Pathogens

A

Disease causing substances or organisms

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2
Q

Infectious disease

A 
Sickness that can be passed on to others by: 
Direct contact
Indirect contact
Ingestion
Bites
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3
Q

First line of defence

A

Skin- keeps pathogens from entering.
Sweat, oils, gastric juice kills pathogen.
Mucus + cilia keeps them out
All linings of internal body systems.

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4
Q

Innate immune response

A

Quick general response.
Born with this.
Body will make more WBC in response to pathogen attack.
WBC go to area of infection + swallow pathogens causing inflammation.
Increase in WBC called phagocytes, - fight infection.

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5
Q

Acquired immune response

A

Body can recognize cells as not being part of body or as foreign.
Specific attack on particular pathogen or antigen.

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6
Q

Antigen

A

Any non-living substance foreign to body

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7
Q

Acquired immune responses (methods)

A

B cells (antibodies)
Helper T cells
Killer T cells

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8
Q

Vaccine

A

Weakened or dead form of pathogen.
(Needle or liquid)
Special version of antigen that gives u immunity against a disease
[tetanus- booster shot every 10 years]

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9
Q

After vaccination…

A

Immune system makes antibodies that will recognize that antigen in the future and destroy faster.

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10
Q

Some vaccines are given..? (#)

A

Twice (2)

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11
Q

Grade 9. How many vaccines?

A

3

Tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis

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12
Q

Allergy

A

Immune system is sensitive + responds quickly + severely to a substance such as dust… Etc.
Unusually high sensitivity to some substance

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13
Q

Histamine

A

Chemical that immune system releases to fight allergies which make your nose run, eyes water

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14
Q

Antihistamine

A

Pills that help to reduce runny nose + watery eyes ( effects of histamine)

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15
Q

Difference between pathogen and antigen

A

Pathogen- disease causing organism or substance.

Antigen- non-living particle or substance

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16
Q

Organisms, such as bacteria, and substances, such as viruses, that cause disease are called___?

A

Pathogens

17
Q

___diseases can be passed to others

A

Infectious

18
Q

The ___system is the body’s defence system

A

Immune

19
Q

The immune systems ___ line of defence against infectious diseases includes the skin

A

First

20
Q

The immune systems ___ line of defence includes two types of immune response

A

Second

21
Q

___ are carried in the blood to fight infections in the body

A

WBC

22
Q

All living things are born with an ___ immune response

A

Innate

23
Q

Non-living substances that are foreign to the body and trigger an immune response are called___?

A

Antigens

24
Q

In The first process of an acquired immune response , B cells make substances called ___ that bind to antigens

A

Antibodies

25
Q

All acquired immune response help give you___?

A

Active immunity

26
Q

AIDS is caused by a dangerous pathogen called___ which attacks the ____

A

HIV

helper T cells

27
Q

Second line of defence

A

2 types of immune response. Innate immune response, acquired immune response.

28
Q

Inflammation

A

Swelling and redness

29
Q

Phagocytes

A

WBC.

Roam the body searching for invader cells and swallowing them.

30
Q

Active immunity

A

Body remembers which antibodies should be used to attack a pathogen that has infected it before.

31
Q

Allergen

A

Any substance that causes an allergic reaction

32
Q

Anaphylactic shock

A

Severe reaction.

Result in swelling, breathing difficulty, death.

33
Q

Adrenaline auto injector

A

One time use needles that inject adrenaline into your body to counter the allergic reaction

34
Q

AIDS

A

Infection of immune system that leads to various health complications + often death.
Caused by HIV.
No known cure

35
Q

HIV

A 
Powerful pathogen (virus) that attacks immune system itself and can destroy it by infections helper T cells. 
Blood and semen (body fluids).
36
Q

Taking care of your immune system

A 
Well balanced diet. 
Maintain personal hygiene. 
Keep home clean.
Avoid drugs. 
Plenty of rest + exercise.
Keep vaccinations up to date. 
Don't share body fluids.
37
Q

Immune system

A

Body’s defence system.

Fights diseases + infections.

38
Q

Antibodies

A

Specific particles that immune system creates to destroy specific disease causing invaders

Science 8 (9 decks)

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