Science- Cells Flashcards
What does the cellular respiration process do?
Changes the energy we get when we eat our food into energy the cells use to carry out their activities.
What organelles do plant cells have but not animal cells?
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
What are cells?
The basic unit of life
What’s inside a cell?
Organelles and water
Cell membrane
A thin protective covering that separates the interior of the cell from its surroundings; also controls the movement of particles into and out of the cell
Cytoplasm
A jelly like substance inside the cell, containing organelles, water, and other life supporting materials.
Inherited genetic material in a cell not specified by its own nucleus
Nucleus
The organelle that controls all the activities within a cell
DNA
The heredity material that is passed on from generation to generation
Mitochondria
The energy producers that carry out cellular respiration to produce energy for the cells
What are the organelles for assembly, transport, and storage?
Ribosomes Golgi body Vesicles Vacuoles Lysosomes
Ribosomes
Cells parts( organelles) that assemble ( makes, produces) proteins
Endoplasmic reticulum
A network of membrane covered channels that transport materials
(Rough ER- ribosomes,
Smooth ER- no ribosomes)
Golgi body
Sorts the proteins and packs them into membrane wrapped structures called vesicles
Vesicles
Smaller than vacuoles. Carries proteins, nutrients and water into, out of, and around the cell
Vacuoles
Temporary storage compartments that sometimes store wastes. In plant cells, bigger, because they need to store more water, to feed the plant.
Lysosomes
A cell structure that contains digestive chemicals that break down food particles, cell wastes, and worn out cell parts
Cell wall
A tough, rigid structure that surrounds and protects a plant cell and gives the cell its rectangular, box like shape
Cell theory
One of the main ideas of modern biology.
Living things are made up of cells.
The cell is the basic unit of life.
All cells cons from the division of pre-existing cells.
5 characteristics of living things
Respond to their environment Need energy Grow Reproduce Get rid of wastes
Magnifying lens
Compound light
Electron microscope
Simple microscope
More than one lens
Images scanning microscope=image of surface of living thing
Nucleolus
The DNA in the nucleus.
RNA= the message sent out by the DNA
Chloroplasts
Parts of the plant cell that trap energy fro the sun and change it into chemical energy that plants use. Makes sugar( carbohydrates) Inside: chlorophyll
Centrioles
Splits the cell into two parts
Many…?
Shapes and sizes
Nerve cell: long with flower one side and fish tail other.
Muscle cell: eye
Skin cell: marble
Cells are?
Microscopic
We have…cells
More than 100 trillion
Each square cm of skin contains…
About 150000 skin cells
Definition of organisms
A living thing that can survive independently
- organism is successful if it can live long enough to reproduce
Prokaryotic cells
Cells that aren’t surrounded by membranes
Eukaryotic cells
Cells that are surrounded by a cell membrane
Bactria can cause
Diseases
Viruses are
Non living things
Bacteria is and example of
Prokaryotic cells
Organelle
A cell structure, or parts of the cell that have different jobs, and functions, and do different activities to ensure the cell’s survival.
