Science (Genetic diversity) Flashcards
What is genetic diversity achieved by?
the crossing-over and randomization of genetic information that occurs during meiosis
Why is genetic diversity important?
so we don’t all get wiped out and become extinct (environment and disease)
How are identical twins born?
zygote that replicates itself
What is an epigenetic tag?
tags that will turn some genes on and some genes off, resulting in the expression of twins being different over time
GENETIC RECOMBINATION (crossing over during synapsis)
- Occurs at beginning of _________
- Crossing over causes…
- meiosis
- variation in chromosomes resulting in daughter cells all being genetically different
INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT
- Occurs during ___________
- When homologous chromosomes pair up…
- metaphase 1
- maternal and paternal chromosomes pair up differently each time
GENETIC MUTATION
- What is it?
- Is it random?
- Can it be good?
- What can happen to mutated cells?
- What can it do?
- Are they hereditary?
- change in gene structure
- yes
- good or bad
- destroyed or passed down
- give rise to defective cells
- yes, or spontaneously
CAUSES OF GENETIC MUTATION?
UV rays, X rays, cigarette smoke, nuclear radiation, pesticides, herbicides, pollutants, chemicals.
POPULATION MIXING
-What is it?
reproduction among individuals with different genetic characteristics
