Science Exam Flashcards by Kristin Butler

Atoms of all elements contain what three particles

Protons, neutrons and electrons

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What type of charge does a neutron have?

Neutral

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What type of charge does an electron have?

Negative

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What type of charge does a proton have?

Positive

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What two particles are found within the nucleus

Protons and neutrons

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What does the atomic number represent? Where is it found?

The number of protons in the element

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What does the atomic mass represent? Where is it found?

Protons + neutrons

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The physical properties of an element describe what six things

Color shape, size harness mass and melting point

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What is the chemical properties of an element described?

how is substance reacts with other types of matter

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What is the limit of electrons in the first level closest to the nucleus?

Two

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The fourth state of matter is

Plasma

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What is an example of plasma?

Lightning

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Why do welders wear protective gear?

To protect their eyes and skin

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What is the name of the early device that showed the changes in temperature?

The thermoscope

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Who invented the thermoscope?

Galileo Galilei

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What did Daniel Fahrenheit initially create?

a mercury thermoscope

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With the Fahrenheit scale, what temperature does water freeze? Water boils?

It freezes at 32°, and Boyles at 112°

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What did Andreas Celsius create?

Celsius scale

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With the Celsius scale, what temperature does water freeze? Water boils?

It freezes at 0°, in Boyles at 100°

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Sarah, William Thompson, a.k.a. Lord Kevin designed what scale

The absolute zero scale

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Name the three philosophers who helped formulate the laws of motion

Galo, Newton in Aristotle

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What is newton’s first law of motion?

An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion, unless acted upon by an outside force

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What is newtons second law of motion

force is the mass of the object multiplied by acceleration

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What is newtons third law of motion?

For every action there’s an equal and opposite reaction

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What does interior of an object depend on?

Mass

Name the two ways to describe the movement of an object

Speed and velocity

What is the mathematical formula to calculate speed?

Speed equals distance / time

What is velocity?

The measure of an object, speed, and direction

What is acceleration?

The change in an objects velocity over a period of time

What is the mathematical formula to calculate acceleration?

Speed equals distance / time

Does water have high or low heat capacity?

High heat capacity

Name the three ocean water movements

Tides, waves, and currents

How many times daily do ocean tides alternate?

Twice

What are tsunamis?

The waves that are due to cinematic activity and cause a large amount of water to be moved

Why are water levels important?

Predicting tsunamis and storm surges, navigating ships through the water and coastal engineering and charting the seafloor

Define current

Continuous flow of ocean water In a certain direction

What is the Cornelius effect?

A result of earths rotation, which causes ocean and wind currents too specific patterns

What is a gyres

Wins that cause currents to flow in a circular motion

What is a rip current?

A strong flower of waters that return the word perpendicular to the shore

How do you escape a rip current?

Swim parallel to the beach and remain calm

How many major body systems are there there?

The cardiovascular system is the blank blank system of the body

Major transitory

The respiratory system includes

The trachea, lungs, and diaphragm

Bronchi branches off into smaller passageways until blank is form

Alveoli

But covers approximately how many miles of the human body

12,000 miles

Then digestive system includes what organs

The mouth, esophagus, stomach, small, intestines, large, intestines, rectum, and anus

Food enters the blank

Mouth

What age in the chemical digestion?

Saliva helps moist in the food particles, making food easier to swallow

Food mixes with blank and blank

Stomach acid and enzymes

Can you help filter the blank from waist and toxins

Blood

Describe a heart murmur

When a heart valve does not close tightly and allows a backflow of blood

What is paralysis?

The muscular contractions that move food through the digestive track

Name some things that are dependent on the muscle action

Running, jumping, blinking the eyes, and breathing

What are three types of muscle tissue?

Skeletal, smooth and cardiac

How many skeletal muscles are attached to the bones of the skeleton?

650

What is a tendon?

The connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Name the three function of skeletal muscles

How old the skeletons together, get the body shape, and provide the force to move bones

Smooth muscles line what apart from the body

Lines, the digestive, track, blood vessels, bladder, and other internal organs

Do muscles move, involuntary or voluntary

Involuntary

Where is the cardiac muscle found?

In the heart

What things can stress on the heart lead to

Periodic pulse rates, chest pain, and enlarged heart and heart failure

What does vitamins A and C Enhance

The bodies immunity

Why are Carneys harmful to the human body?

They have cancer, causing agents in them

What helps to build strong muscles and bones?

Constant exercise

Where are good exercises that help build bone mass?

Walking, jogging, hiking, climbing, stairs, playing sports, skiing, and weight training

What is dendrite

Transmits information toward the cell body

What is a neurotransmitter?

And your impulse crosses a snap with the aid of chemical messengers

What are meso cramps a result of?

Electrolyte imbalance

Defined the following cooking methods poanch and bake

Involves water or liquid just under the boiling point, cooking food in a pan or dish with or without a lid

Names three unhealthy cooking choices

Fry, deep, fry, and cream

What does an imbalanced diet include

Includes six nutrients, water, proteins, carbs, fat, oil, vitamins, and minerals

A poor diet and lack of exercise increases the race for

Developing diseases and obesity

Protons are made up of smaller units called

Proteins

Fats and oils are awesome known as

Lipids

What are the two types of carbohydrates?

Sugars and starches

What are unsaturated fats

Certain facts found in vegetable oil, nuts, whole grains, and fish are beneficial if eating in moderate amounts

What two things will century persons muscle

Shrink, and the number of fat cells will increase

Why is moderation important

It helps us when choosing what to eat in over consumption of foods that will cause health issues if they are consumed in large quantities

What four components does blood consist

Red and white blood cells, plasma, and plates

Name two weight-bearing exercises

Running and walking