Science - Chapter Chapter 3 - Lesson 1 - Circulatory System

Question 1

What is the function of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

it moves food and oxygen to each cell and then takes away cell’s wastes.

Question 2

What are the parts of the circulatory system?

Answer 2

the heart, the blood, and tubes called blood vessels.

Question 3

What is a system?

Answer 3

A system is a group of things working together to get a job done.

Question 4

What are the parts of blood?

Answer 4

1. Plasma (the biggest part).
2. Red blood cells (little more than half of the blood).
3. White blood cells (very small part of the blood).
4. Platelets (very small part of the blood).

Question 5

What does plasma look like?

Answer 5

Plasma is a straw colored liquid.

Question 6

What does plasma do?

Answer 6

1. It carries food to the cells from the digestive system.
2. It carries away the cell’s wastes.
3. It provides cells with water.
4. It moves some chemicals (adrenaline, for example) from one part of the body to another.

Question 7

What do red blood cells look like?

Answer 7

They are shaped like discs with a dimple on each side and they are bright red when they are carrying oxygen. After they give the oxygen to the cells their color turns a darker red.

Question 8

What do red blood cells do?

Answer 8

The red blood cells carry oxygen to your body’s cells.

Question 9

What do white blood cells do?

Answer 9

They work hard to protect your body against germs and other harmful things.

Question 10

What do white blood cells look like?

Answer 10

They have different shapes and sizes. They might change size and shape as they work.

Question 11

How do white blood cells protect your body?

Answer 11

1. wrap around and break down germs, pieces of waste matter, dead cells or cells that are carrying germs.
2. Make chemicals that kill germs.

Question 12

How many white blood cells does a body have?

Answer 12

The number white blood cells is always changing. When the body needs to fight infection it makes more white blood cells.

Question 13

Are all white cells in the blood vessels?

Answer 13

No, they are not. some squirm their way between your body cells and attack germs there.

Question 14

What are platelets?

Answer 14

They are pieces of cells that float in the blood. They are not complete cells.

Question 15

What do platelets do?

Answer 15

They form blood clots. When a blood vessel is cut, platelets are there to stop the bleeding.

Question 16

How do platelets work?

Answer 16

They clump together and stick to the edges of the cut. They help form a clot which is a plug made with long sticky threads.

Question 17

What are blood vessels?

Answer 17

Blood vessels are the highways your blood uses to move through your body.

Question 18

What are the types of blood vessels?

Answer 18

1. Arteries
2. Capillaries
3. Veins

Question 19

What are arteries?

Answer 19

They are blood vessels that carry blood away from your heart to other parts of your body.

Question 20

Describe the arteries:

Answer 20

They have thick, muscular walls that stretch when the heart pushes blood. They branch into smaller and smaller tubes. Almost every artery carries blood with lots of oxygen.

Question 21

What is a capillary?

Answer 21

The smallest kind of blood vessel.

Question 22

How small is a capillary?

Answer 22

Side by side, ten of these tiny blood vessels are barely as thick as one hair. some are so narrow that red blood cells flow through them in a single file.

Question 23

Describe the capillaries:

Answer 23

The walls are only one cell thick.

Gases can pass through their walls.

Question 24

How do capillaries work?

Answer 24

Oxygen moves from the blood in your capillaries to your cells. Carbon dioxide and other wastes go in the other direction. They move from your cells to the blood in your capillaries.

Question 25

What are veins?

Answer 25

They are blood vessels that take blood from the cells back to the heart.

Question 26

What are veins made of?

Answer 26

Capillaries join together to from your tiniest veins. These tiny veins join many times to form larger and larger veins.

Question 27

What are valves and where are they?

Answer 27

Veins have valves. They are flaps that act like doors to keep blood flowing in one direction. Valves open to allow blood to flow to the the heart. They close if the blood begins to flow away from the heart.

Question 28

Do arteries and capillaries have valves?

Answer 28

They don’t. The pumping of the heart keeps the blood flowing in the right direction through them.

Question 29

What are the parts of the heart?

Answer 29

The heart has 4 parts.

1. Right atrium
2. Right ventricle
3. Left atrium
4. Left ventricle

Question 30

How does the heart work?

Answer 30

Each side of the heart works as a separate pump and sends blood along different paths.

1. The right side pumps blood to the lungs. There it gets oxygen and gives up carbon dioxide.
2. Then the blood flows to the left side of the heart.
3. The left side pumps the blood through arteries to the body.

Question 31

What is the name of the upper part of the heart?

Answer 31

Atrium.

Question 32

What is the name of the lower part of the heart?

Answer 32

Ventricle (each one is larger and more powerful than the atrium).

Question 33

Are there blood vessels in the muscles of the heart?

Answer 33

Yes, the blood in these vessels gives the muscles oxygen, food, and water.

Question 34

What is the shape of the heart?

Answer 34

Not all hearts are alike. Reptiles only have three parts, or chambers. Fish have two chambers.

Question 35

How does the heart pump blood?

Answer 35

1. They pump in a repeating pattern.
2. The left and right atrium pump first.
3. Then the two ventricles pump.
4. After a brief rest, the pattern is repeated.

Question 36

Is the order of the pumping important?

Answer 36

Yes, VERY important. You can become very sick if it does not follow the pattern of pumping.

Question 37

How many times does your heart beat during your life?

Answer 37

Almost 3 billion times.

Question 38

What happens to your heart when you exercise?

Answer 38

Your heart pumps faster to get extra oxygen to your muscles. It pumps more slowly when you are sleeping or sitting quietly.