Chapter 9 Study Guide Flashcards
How can you identify igneous rocks?
By their christals
Some examples of igneous rocks
basalt, pumice, granite
What is deposition?
The placing of materials in a new place
What is a constructive force of nature?
volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis
What are the three movements of plates and how do they affect the earth’s surface?
1- Converging plate - colliding
2- Sliding plate - move past each other in the opposite direction
3- Spreading plate - they move apart from each other
The most amount of decayed material in soil is located where in the Earth?
The top soil
What is the lithosphere made of?
the top part of the mantel and the crust
Compare and contrast mechanical weathering vs. chemical weathering
mechanical weathering - it’s natural
chemical weathering - it’s chemical
they are alike because they both break rocks
What are the layers of the Earth? Which one is the thinnest and which one the hottest?
Crust - thinnest
Mantle
Core - hottest
Some areas of a shoreline erode more quickly than other forming?
harbors and inlets
How do scientists learn about the mantle and core of the Earth?
They study the materials pushed through the cracks of the crust.
What properties are examined to identify certain materials?
Hardness Luster Smell Shape Texture Streak
Hardness
The Mohs scale is used to tell how hard a mineral is. It goes from 1 to 10. 1 - talc / 10 - diamond
Luster
It describes the way the way light is reflected by a mineral's surface. Glassy - shiny Earthy - chalky and dull Metallic - polished metal Waxy, Silky, Pearly - soft shine
Shape
Some minerals have a definite shape that is helpful for identification.
Pyrite - shaped like cubes
