science chapter 13

Question 1

silicate mineral

Answer 1

a mineral that contains a combination of silicon,oxygen,and other elements

Question 2

crystal

Answer 2

a solid whose atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite pattern

Question 3

element

Answer 3

a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

Question 4

compound

Answer 4

a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds.

Question 5

nonsilicate mineral

Answer 5

a mineral that does not contain compounds of of silicon and oxygen

Question 6

mineral

Answer 6

a naturally formed inorganic solid that has a definite crystalline structure.

Question 7

Characteristics of a mineral

Answer 7

It is formed in nature, It has a crystalline structure and It is a solid

Question 8

What are the two major groups of minerals?

Answer 8

silicates and nonsilicates

Question 9

density

Answer 9

the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance

Question 10

cleavage

Answer 10

the splitting of a mineral along smooth, flat surfaces

Question 11

hardness

Answer 11

a measure of the ability of a mineral to resist scratching

Question 12

streak

Answer 12

the color of the powder of a mineral

Question 13

fracture

Answer 13

the breaking of a mineral along either curved or irregular surfaces

Question 14

luster

Answer 14

the way in which a mineral reflects light

Question 15

color

Answer 15

the appearance of a mineral that can vary according to the impurities in that mineral as well as other factors.

Question 16

special properties

Answer 16

characteristics that are particular to only a few types of minerals.

Question 17

What other factor beside air and water can change the color of a mineral?

Answer 17

impurities

Question 18

The way a surface reflects light is called

Answer 18

luster

Question 19

what are three types of mineral luster

Answer 19

matallic, non metallic, sub metallic

Question 20

Name two minerals with clevage

Answer 20

Mica and Halite

Question 21

What do scientist use to determine the hardness of minerals?

Answer 21

Mohs hardness scale.

Question 22

what is the softest mineral on the Mohs scale?

Answer 22

talc

Question 23

What substance is the usual reference point for the density of other substances?

Answer 23

water

Question 24

The ratio of an objects density to the density of water is called the objects

Answer 24

specific gravity

Question 25

The special property of calcite and fluorite that causes them to glow under ultraviolet light is called

Answer 25

fluorescence

Question 26

A geiger counter can be used to detect ———in a mineral.

Answer 26

radioactivity

Question 27

A special property of pyrrhotite is that it is a natural———–that attracts iron

Answer 27

magnetism

Question 28

Ore

Answer 28

a natural material whose concentration of economically valuable minerals is high enough for the material to be mined profitably.

Question 29

reclamation

Answer 29

the process of returning land to its original condition after mining is completed.