science assessment term 2

Question 1

what is froth flotation?

Answer 1

A method using special chemicals to separate copper minerals from waste rock
1. ores are dug out of the ground
2. these are crushed into fine powder
3. powder is then mixed in with water and chemicals that are similar to detergent
4.then air is blown into the bottom of the container,
5.the malachite (mineral ore) is then carried to the surface by the air bubbles as malachite sticks to the chemicals
6. the waste rock then sinks to the bottom of the tank, unable to stick to the chemicals
7. the malachite then gets collected as they skim the surface to collect the copper it’s then further treated to extract pure copper

Question 2

how do we use magnets to separate iron?

Answer 2

A method using iron’s magnetic property to separate iron and waste rock
1. rock containing iron minerals are crushed into fine powder.
2. then dropped onto a conveyer belt where a magnetic roller appears
3. the roller attracts the pieces that contain iron as it is magnetic
4. the waste rock are not magnetic and therefore do not attach and drop down
5. iron containing pieces are further collected for proccessing

Question 3

fraction distillation

Answer 3

a method used to separate the different components of crude oil using boiling point
1.the crude oil is placed on a equipment called a fractioning column.
2. this is then heated
3. then each liquid evaporates at different times rising up
4. then it cools below boiling point and turns into liquid
5. it exists the column through a tube

Question 4

Explain why filtration is used to separate various mixtures based on the properties of the
mixtures

Answer 4

Filtration separates solids from a liquid based on their solubility and particle size

Question 5

Explain why sieving is used to separate various mixtures based on the properties of the
mixtures

Answer 5

sieving is used to separate small solids from larger solids or liquids which is based on the particle size

Question 6

Explain why chromatograph is used to separate various mixtures based on the properties of the
mixtures

Answer 6

Chromatography separates different chemicals of a solution based on their solubility

Question 7

Explain why decanting is used to separate various mixtures based on the properties of the
mixtures

Answer 7

decanting is used separate soluble and insoluble solids or liquids which is based on their density and solubility

Question 8

Explain why evaporation is used to separate various mixtures based on the properties of the
mixtures

Answer 8

evaporation is used to regain the solute from the solvent based on their boiling points

Question 9

Explain why crystallisation is used to separate various mixtures based on the properties of the
mixtures

Answer 9

Crystallisation removes a solute from the solvent based on their solubility

Question 10

pure substance

Answer 10

a substance made up of one material or particle

Question 11

examples of pure substance

Answer 11

compounds and elements

Question 12

mixtures

Answer 12

a substance made of two or more substances

Question 13

examples of mixtures

Answer 13

salad

Question 14

solutions

Answer 14

is a type of mixture when one substance separates and spreads out evenly into another substance

Question 15

solute

Answer 15

is the component of a solution that is spreading out or dissolving evenly into the solvent

Question 16

solvent

Answer 16

is the component in a solution that is capable of dissolving another substance

Question 17

Aqueous solution

Answer 17

is a type of solution where the solvent is water

Question 18

observation

Answer 18

is something that you have witnessed or experienced

Question 19

inference

Answer 19

is a possible explanation for an observation based on reasoning

Question 20

what’s the difference between an observation and a inference?

Answer 20

an observation is generally a statement of fact but inferences show a relationship between two things

Question 21

biology

Answer 21

biology is a large field of studying living organisms

Question 22

chemistry

Answer 22

chemistry is the exploration of matter and their properties and reactions

Question 23

physics

Answer 23

physics is the study of the universe and the nature and properties of matter and energy

Question 24

earth science

Answer 24

earth science is the study of physical rules of the earth and it’s atmosphere

Question 25

space science

Answer 25

space science is the exploration of space

Question 26

Gravitational force

Answer 26

the force of gravity is the force with which the earth, moon or other massively large objects attract another object towards itself

Question 27

electrostatic

Answer 27

the attractive or repulsive interaction between any 2 charge objects

Question 28

Magnetic force

Answer 28

a magnetic force is an attractive or repulsive interaction between the ends of 2 magnets

Question 29

mechanical force

Answer 29

a mechanical force is a force applied to an object by a person or another object.

Question 30

normal force

Answer 30

the normal force is a support force exerted upon an object that is in contact with another stable object.

Question 31

friction force

Answer 31

the friction force is the force exerted by a surface as an object moves across something or makes an effort to move across

Question 32

air resistance force

Answer 32

the air resistance is a special type of frictional force that acts upon objects as they travel through the air. (opposes the motion of the object)

Question 33

Tension

Answer 33

the tension force is the force transmitted through a string, rope, cable or wire when it is pulled by forces acting from the opposite

Question 34

forces scientific definition

Answer 34

is any action that causes something to be pushed, pulled or twisted.

Question 35

everyday examples of mixtures

Answer 35

saltwater, salad, cake, tea, coffee

Question 36

examples of solvents

Answer 36

water, vegetable oil, white vinegar, lemon juice

Question 37

examples of water as the solvent in daily life

Answer 37

cooking - Water is used as a solvent to dissolve salts, sugars, and flavors in cooking.
hydration - the water we drink is not pure and is often mixed with chemicals and essential minerals

Question 38

examples of water as the solvent in industries

Answer 38

cleaning - for cleaning equipment, surfaces, and facilities, water is mixed with chemicals that kill bacteria

Question 39

examples of water as the solvent in manufacturing

Answer 39

aquatic life - water is often mixed with oxygen, nutrients for creatures

Question 40

contact force

Answer 40

contact force is any force that occurs as a result of two things making contact with each other

Question 41

non contact force

Answer 41

non contact force acts on an object without physically in contact with it.

Question 42

spring force

Answer 42

the spring force is the force exerted by a compressed or stretched spring upon any object that is attached to it.