Science Adhoc #2 Flashcards
Biology
Card 1 Six Degrees
In 1797 the iron plow was invented by Charles Newbold. Wooden plows broke when they hit a rock underground. Charlie’s idea was a brilliant idea but people were superstitious because people thought using iron to plow the ground was bad because it would poison the ground.
Related: JP Morgan’s father thought electricity was from the devil.
Related: Ben Franklin’s lightning rod could save your house from burning down. But again people thought lightning was from God so the fire Brigade would arrive at the burning house and simply watch it burn down.
Related: The Black Death (Bubonic Plague). Catholic priest said this was from God to punish sinful people. Plus the people thought this was the end of the World! (armageddon) People also thought insane people had demons inside them.
Card 2
People with a wart or a skin bump were killed by the Catholic church who called them witches.
The Catholic church claimed that angels were what was moving plannets in outer space.
The church also said that the Devil buried all these Dinosaurs to make people think they roamed the Earth millions of years ago!
The church also said the universe began 6,000 years ago at 6:00!
Card 3
No volcanos means:
1. No oceans
2. No breathable atmosphere
3. No land
4. No Life
Volcanos are vital for every living thing on Earth. More than 80% of land came up from volcanos!
The oceans have so much salt in the water that if you extracted all the salt and piled it up, it woul cover the entire landmass of the Earth. Plus the stacks of salt would be as tall as a 40 story building!
How long have Elephants been here?
Elephants have been on Earth for 50 Million years.
The Indian elephants have humps on their back. African elephants have a flat back.
In your gut you have 100 trillion bacteria fungi and other organisms essential to your health. This is in your large intestine. Up to 5 pounds of microbes play an enormous role in determining everything from your heart health to your brain health. From how much you weigh to how long you will live, from how happy you are to how well you will sleep tonight.
The gut is the master controller of inflammation in the body. Weight gain, rising cholesterol levels, increased blood sugar.
Issues with getting older are in many ways indications of our microbiomes becoming less and less healthy. This is good news because if you know how to eat to protect your microbiome, you are able to pump the brakes on aging issues. AARP Bulletin
5/2024,
Processed foods have been stripped of their fiber. They seldom even make the full journey down through the gut to the colon.
A 2023 study found that when we eat a fiber rich diet of whole foods, our microbiomes absorb more than 100 calories a day, and in some cases as much as 400 calories that passed your lips but never made it to your hips.
When we eat processed foods –which make up a whopping 60% of calories in the American diet– more of those calories go to us, not our microbiomes.
Adults who consumed 20% of their calories from ultra processed foods showed faster rates of cognitive and executive function decline compared with those who ate lower amounts.
Humans have two types of photoreceptors in their eyes: rods and cones. In the daytime we utilize cones–the structures ahat allow us to see color. At night we shift to a mix of rods and cones; in very, very low light, we rely entirely on rods–which is why in the darkness, everything appears black and white. When you age you start to lose rod photoreceptors before you lose cone photoreceptors.
So while our vision in daylight may be just fine, our night vision becomes less acute.
At the same time our pupils shrink with age. By the time we hit our 60s, the backs of our eyes are receiving only one third the light they did when we were 20!
By the time we hit our 80’s, most of us will have cataracts. AARP Mag Nov. 2023
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