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Knowledge Bowl > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

0
Q

Name the only surviving order of oviparous, egg-laying, mammals.

A

Monotremata (monotremes)

Platypuses and echidnas/spiny anteaters

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1
Q

Name the body of land in the Atlantic that inspired Charles Darwin to write about his theory of evolution.

A

The Galopagos Islands

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2
Q

Glass can be made more resistant to breakage by heating it to just below the temperature at which it would begin to soften and then quenching it to stress its entire surface uniformly. Identify this process.

A

tempering

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3
Q

Africa is home to the world‘s heaviest insect—a beetle that can weigh up to 100 grams. Give the seven-letter name of this beetle who shares its name with a Biblical character.

A

Goliath

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4
Q

The alternative forms of a gene at the same locus on homologous chromosomes are called what?

A

alleles

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5
Q

The myofilaments of muscles consist primarily of two proteins. These two proteins are called:

A

Actin and Myosin

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6
Q

In biology, what is the word used to describe the appearance of an individual without regard to its hereditary constitution?

A

phenotype

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7
Q

The chromosomes responsible for characteristics other than sex are known by what term?

A

autosome

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8
Q

Another name for the water cycle?

A

Hydrologic Cycle

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9
Q

Where are red blood cells produced?

A

Within bone marrow

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10
Q

Define phosphate

A

a salt or ester of phosphoric acid

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11
Q

What is the production of red blood cels called?

A

Erythropoiesis

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12
Q

What is it called when the hanging wall of a fault moves upward while the foot wall of a fault moves downward?

A

reverse fault

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13
Q

What is the fraction of Earth’s atmospheric mass to the planet’s mass?

A

1/1,000,000

one millionth

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14
Q

How many shells does a Brachiopod have?

A

Two

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15
Q

What insect consumes book bindings, carpets, hair, and paper?

A

Silverfish (Fishmoth)

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16
Q

What is the capacity to do work?

A

Energy

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17
Q

This animal was known for its large flock size and long migrations in Northern America. It was hunted into extinction by 1914. What was this animal?

A

Passenger pigeon

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18
Q

Who discovered the laws of planetary movement?

A

Johannes Kepler

  • Kepler’s Laws
    1) The orbit of a planet is an ellipse with the Sun at one of the two foci.
    2) A line segment joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time.
    3) The square of the orbital period of a planet is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit.
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19
Q

Who discovered anaerobiosis?

A

Louis Pasteur

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20
Q

Who was pasteurization named after?

A

Louis Pasteur

21
Q

The theory that the planets revolve around the sun is named after whom?

A

Copernicus

22
Q

Who wrote Elements, a textbook of geometry?

A

Euclid

23
Q

Difference between transcription and translation?

A

transcription- DNA to RNA

translation- RNA to protein

24
Q

Define meniscus.

A

the curve in the upper surface of a liquid close to the surface of the container or another object, caused by surface tension

(Greek mēniskos : cresent > mēnē : moon)

25
Q

Define colloid.

A

a homogeneous, noncrystalline substance consisting of large molecules or ultramicroscopic particles of one substance dispersed through a second substance
(Greek kolla : glue)

26
Q

What is the point in the orbit of the moon or a satellite at which it is farthest from the Earth called?

A

apogee

closest point: perigee

27
Q

What is the apparent path of the sun on the celestial sphere called?

A

ecliptic

28
Q

What is water’s triple point?

A

4°C

Triple Point- where gas, liquid, and solid of a substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium

29
Q

What kind of sounds do these terms denote?

Infrasonic
Ultrasonic

A

sounds below hearing

sounds above hearing

30
Q

Where on Earth is there always 12 hours of daylight?

A

On the Equator

31
Q

On what scale are gales measured?

A

the Beaufort Scale

Moderate Gale- 7 (32-38mph)
Fresh Gale- 8 (39-46mph)
Strong Gale- 9 (47-54mph)
Storm / Whole Gale- 10 (55-63mph)

32
Q

What is the most common element in the human body?

A

Oxygen at ~65%

Carbon at ~18%; Hydrogen at ~9%

33
Q

What is the scientific term for the production of light by living organisms?

A

bioluminescence

34
Q

Unlike fish, sharks don’t have this.

A

bones

35
Q

What is the smallest snake in the world?

A

the Barbados Threadsnake

36
Q

What is the largest cell in the human body?

A

the ovum, an egg cell

37
Q

What is the largest and longest bone in the human body?

A

the femur

38
Q

What is the lightest organ in the human body?

A

the lung

39
Q

Do worms have separate genders?

A

No. They are hermaphrodites.

40
Q

World’s largest flower?

A

Rafflesia Arnoldii

41
Q

What creature has the most arms than any other?

A

the Basket Starfish

42
Q

What African land animal has no vocal chords?

A

Giraffe

43
Q

Who discovered radioactivity?

A

Antonio Becquerel

44
Q

Who discovered microbes?

A

Antony Van Leeuwenhoek

45
Q

Who discovered radioactivity?

A

Antonio Becquerel

46
Q

Who discovered the basics of heredity?

A

Gregor Mendel

47
Q

What is the radius of a lunar halo?

A

22 degrees around the moon

48
Q

Who wrote “A New System of Chemical Philosophy” and who is also known for writing the first ever paper on colorblindness?

A

John Dalton, who himself was also colorblind

49
Q

What is the fifth brightest start in he sky?

A

Vega

50
Q

Who was the scientist who coined the word “cell?”

A

Robert Hooke

Knowledge Bowl (16 decks)

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