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8th Grade 2nd Semester > science 2 > Flashcards

science 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is energy

A

anything that causes motion

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2
Q

what is displacement

A

the changing of position in a 3 dimensional space

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3
Q

what is wave energy

A

energy that causes air or particles to become displaced

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4
Q

what is the top part of the bump

A

crest

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5
Q

what is the bottom part of the bump

A

trough

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6
Q

what are the circles in the middle

A

nodes (where the wave crosses the orgin)

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7
Q

what are the x’s

A

anti nodes (crests/troughs)

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8
Q

S

A

speed (meters per second)

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9
Q

T

A

time in seconds (period)

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10
Q

weird one

A

wave length (m)

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11
Q

what is wavelength

A

the distance between the two crests, used to determine speed

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12
Q

what is frequency

A

the number of crests in a given amount of time

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13
Q

what is period

A

the time it takes to complete a full wave cycle, measured in seconds

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14
Q

what is a mechanical wave

A

waves that require a medium to transfer their energy

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15
Q

what is a medium

A

a medium is any matter that will allow a wave to travel

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16
Q

name the two mechanical waves

A

transverse and longitudinal

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17
Q

what is a transverse wave

A

a medium that moves up and down, but the energy moves side to side (energy moves perpendicular to each other)

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18
Q

examples of a transverse wave

A

earthquakes, some properties of light, flicking a rope

19
Q

what is a longitudinal wave

A

a medium moves side to side, and energy moves side by side (energy and medium move parrellel to each other)

20
Q

examples of a longitudinal wave

A

sound waves and a slinky

21
Q

what is the doppler effect

A

when an object making a sound is coming toward someone who is a stationary observer, this sound appears to be a higher frequency, when an object is going away from a stationary observer, the frequency seems to drop (the wave is being pushed the same was it is projecting)

22
Q

how is the speed of sound determined

A

the tempature of the medium, and the medium itself

23
Q

transonic

transonic

A

mach 1.0

24
Q

supersonic

A

mach 1.0

25
Q

hypersonic

A

mach 5.0

26
Q

subsonic

A

mach 1.0

27
Q

what is the speed of sound

A

340 m/s

28
Q

what is resonance

A

the natural frequency at which a solid object vibrates

29
Q

what is an electromagnetic spectrum

A

a wave that is not dependent on a medium
contains particles called protons
light is an example of an electromagnetic wave

30
Q

radio

A

size: building
wave length: 10 3
frequency 10 4

31
Q

microwave

A

size: people
wavelength: 10 -2
frequency: 10 8

32
Q

infrared

A

size: ant
wavelength: 10 -5
frequency: 10 12

33
Q

visible

A

size: pinpoint
wavelength: .5 times 10 -6
frequency: 10 15

34
Q

ultraviolet

A

size: bacteria
wavelength: 10 -8
frequency: 10 16

35
Q

x - ray

A

size: molecules
wavelength: 10 -10
frequncy: 10 18

36
Q

gamma ray

A

size: atoms
wavelength: 10 -2
frequency: 10 20

37
Q

visible light

A

travels in electromagnetic waves
also travels in tiny energy packets cslled photons
aplitude represents brightness
wavelength represents color
the speed of light in a cacuum is 300,000,000 m/s

38
Q

how does light travel

A

light travels in a straight line through a single medium
light will bend as it moves through a medium

39
Q

refraction

A

when waves speed up of slow down due to traaveling in a different medium
(object apears to bend)

40
Q

reflection

A

is when light hits a medium and bounces back at the same speed
(creates mirror image)

41
Q

absorbtion

A

light gets absorbed (black shirt)
energy goes into the medium

42
Q

diffraction

A

the bending of light around a medium
whenever a light enters a prism, it always bends toward the base)

43
Q
A

8th Grade 2nd Semester (12 decks)

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