History - Progressive Era Flashcards
```
~~~
what is progressivism
series of social and politicial reforms that are caused by the effects of inustrialization and urbanization
what are problems of progressivism
poverty
child labor
politicial corruption
overcrowding
poor quality housing
poor health standards
what are the types of reform
economic - monopoly
political - efficiency
social - democracy
moral - purity
goals of progressives
government must act
protect the weakest members of society
do not challenge capitalism
return to a sense or morality
what are muchrakers
group of journalists that specialized in exposing social problems and corruption
magazine publishers competed to expose more scandals
Ida Tarbell
exposed unfair busness practices of rockefeller
made sherman anti - trust act and clayton anti - trust act
“1901 the history of standard oil”
Lincoln Steffens
exposed urban politicla machines “shame of the cities”
this sparked political reform on local levels and increased interest in communism
jacob Riis
described poverty and crime in immigrant neighborhoods
“1890 how the other half lives”
new york state tenement housing act
nellie bly
exposed terribly conditions in mental institutions
“1887 ten days in a madhouse”
increased fund to the department of public charities and corrections
upton Sinclair
exposed unsanitary conditions of the meat packing industry
“the jungle”
pure food and drug act and meat inspection act
“we condemn any mean to undream and for human consumption”
no sail of unadvertiesed food or openess medicines
political reform
direct primaries
remove someone who was previously elected
income tax (16)
direct election of senators (17)
women’s suffrage (19)
social reforms
prohibition (18) - no alcohol
end of child labor
immigration restrictions
eugenic
settlement houses (hull house)
economic reforms
anti trust laws
interstate comerce commission
hepburn act - regulation of railroads
other reforms
conservation of public lands (national park system TR)
protective tarrifs
federal trade commission and trust busting
legacy
more active role of the federal government
increase in taxes and funding to the governemtn
does not address racial issues
13th amendment
abolished slavery
14th amendment
gave citizenship to freedom
15th amendment
suffrage for freedom
16th amendment
established income tax
17th amendment
direct election of senators
18th amendment
prohibition
19th amendment
women’s suffrage
theodore roosevelt
came back a hero from the spanish american war in Cuba
he was elected govenor of New York
shortly after he ran as the vice presidential canidate for republican president McKinley
6 months in assasination, 42 youngest president
square deal
roosevelet wanted to ensure fairness for the working class
used the sherman anti trust act to break up monopolies
went after railroads first
also broke up standard oil and tobacco trusts
44 lawsuits against trusts
conservationism
TR loves nature
set out to preserve natural resources
TR preserces more than 200 millions ares of public lands
Pelican Island = first
used antiquities act to preserve monuments
like the grand canyon and petrified forest
William H. Taft
1908 Eugene Debs vs William Howard Taft
taft was handpicked by TR and his successor and therefore took the election by a landslide continued TRs progressive programs filed twice as many anti-trusts suits as TR
describe the 16th amendment
created income tax, the constitution originally did not allow for taxes on someone’s income
this funding runs the government
describe the 17th amendment
direct election of senators
formerly, state legislatures chose the senators, this ended corruption amoung politicians
