civil war Flashcards

1
Q

1.

what were the causes of the civil war

A

missouri compromise (1820), compromise of 1850, kansas-Nebraska act, dred scott decision, presidential election of 1860

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2
Q

order of secession

A

south carolina, mississippi, florida, alabama, georgia, louisiana, then texas

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3
Q

president of confederacy

A

jefferson davis

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4
Q

what is the capital of the cofederacy

A

richmond, west virginia

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5
Q

what happened in Fort Sumter

A

federal fort, controls access to charlotte harbor, SC. Confederates begin siege, no deaths but first battle of the civil war

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6
Q

civil war start and end dates

A

1861-1865

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7
Q

north strength

A

population, industry, railroads, naval power

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8
Q

north plan

A

anaconda plan, by winfield scott, George McClellan doesn’t like the plan and orders attack on richmond

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9
Q

south advantages

A

general Lee, military leaders, defensive war

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10
Q

south plan

A

definsive position, tire out the north, kind cotton diplomacy, trys to blackmail britian

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11
Q

new fighting styles

A

trench warfare, reinforced barricades, high casualty rates, naval blackade of ports, trench foot

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12
Q

the battle of bull run (battle of Manassas) generals

A

north: Irvin McDowell (not very good)
south: thomas “stonewall” jackson (amazing)

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13
Q

who won the battle of bull run

A

confederates

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14
Q

what happened after the bull run

A

McDowell realizes that he needs the anaconda plan and can’t march into Richmond (gets money + 300000 more troops)

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15
Q

improved tech

A

napoleon cannon (shoots a ton of metal peices)
rifles (a gun with more accurate shot)
trains (transcontinental railroad)
telegraphs (a little clicker to talk to people)
cameras (takes a lot of time to take the photo)
ironsides (makes iron ships)

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16
Q

battle of New Orleans

A

flag officer david farragut was born in the south but is loyal to america because he grew up being in the navy, lincoln wants him to control the mississippi river, but it is guarded by fort jackson and st. phillip. it is extremly hard to get in but they speed through with the help of wind and turned and shot the bases down while only loosing two ships.

17
Q

seven days battle

A

series of small battles in virginia for a week. Union retreats even though confeds were taking more casuties, because Mclean always gets scared when he starts loosing soilders. Also, the main southern general Johnston got wounded and Robert E Lee rose to the top.

18
Q

what two things does Robert E Lee do right when he becomes general

A

he gets Jeb Stuart to be a scout on horsback or calvary. He wants to start attacking the north and not defending the south.

19
Q

battle of Antietam

A

Lee wants to invade north, but union soldiers find Lee’s plans. McClellan finally gets a chance to shine. Antietam turns to a bloody day because within the first hour confedrates lost 5000 men. Confederates retreated to the river but McClellan was too scared to follow. So later Lincoln fires him.

20
Q

the emanipation proclamation

A

after the antietam battle lincoln makes a symbolic movement that free’s slaves from all confederate states exept for missouri, kentucky, west virginia, maryland and delware so they didn’t secede. they developed colored regiments from southern freed slaves, but they all had a white officer. White officer Colonet Robert Gould Shaw led 54th Massachusetts group and they dominated.

21
Q

chancellorsville

A

Hooker vs. Lee. While he was on the battle field, stonewall jackson was mortally wounded by fire coming from his side. Lee said “losing my right arm” CSA won, Lee realized he should end the war because he lose his friend. So he sends everyone to the north.

22
Q

Battle of Gettysburg

A

after stonewall died, Lee sent everyone to the north. Pickett’s charge, north has the highground and cemetery ridge. Lee tries one more thing. takes young general pickett to lead 12000 men and bust right up the middle so Lee can follow behind. pickett has to convince troops to go on “suicide mission” and they loose 7000 men. Big falure and the north wins. Gettysburg is the turning point of the war, south starts to loose and Gettysburg adress.

23
Q

Siege at Vicksburg

A

Ulysses S Grant leads a long siege at the last stronghold of Mississippi, this will split the south into two. they can complete the anaconda plan. they loose 10000 men, and it lasts for a month. they want to fire Grant but Lincoln keeps him saying “I can’t lose this man, he fights”.

24
Q

Grant’s plan

A

1st part is that william T Sherman will demoralize them by taking troops to georgia. 2nd part is he will take his army and go to virginia and beat Robert E Lee and end the war.

25
Q

Grant’s Virginia Campaign

A

wilderness, spotyslvania, cold harbor, petersburg (10 month seige), Lee left Richmond, union army takes richmond

26
Q

Sherman’s total war (sherman’s walk to the sea)

A

60 miles of military destruction, burns churches and schools and more.

27
Q

election of 1864

A

held in the north, lincoln (rep) McClellan (dem). lincoln wanted to ensure border state support, had andrew Johnson, lincoln wins by more than 400000 votes.

28
Q

apomattox court house

A

april 9, Lee surrendered to Grant. told soilders to lay down their weapons and go home. Grant fed the hungry soilders, civilized ending to a brutal war.

29
Q

Monitor vs. Merrimack

A

battle between two ironsides, (battle of hampton roads, in the ocean) union was the monitor confeds were the merrimack was off the coast of virginia. It lasted for four hours and ended in a draw. The first day the CSS Virginia attacked and sank two traditional us ships. the second day the CSS virginia returned to attack a grounded ship and was met by the monitor. They both battled and both returned to port for repairs. this changed naval technology world-wide.