immigration Flashcards
what were the dates of the peak of immigration
1880 - 1920
why was it easy to immigrate to america
they didn’t need any special papers or passports or anything like that
who are the old immigrants
northwestern europe before 1880, they were either skilled, had families, and they all spoke english and blended in really well
who are the new immigrants
southern and eastern europe
what is a typical new immigrant
young male, catholic or jewish, spoke little to no english, majority were unskilled agricultural laborers, no familes, no money or education, looked different
what are some push factors
extreme poverty, lack of food, population growth and lack of land, political prosecution, religious prosecution, desire to be with family members who had immigrated
what are some economical push factors from other countries
agriculturally based economies of many european towns and villages declined as a result of the industrial revolution. Farmers didn’t mechanize, local craftspeople could not compete with city factories, overpopulation leaves little land, starvation, faminie, and natural disasters
political and religious push factors in other countries
jews living in russia were stripped of legal right, pogroms were violent mob attacks, wars/freedom from military service
pull factors of america
opprotunities for work, available land, favorable descriptions in newspapers, letter from friends or families, religious freedom, political freedom
angel island
chinese came to angel island, 320,000 chinese immigrants japan and philippines, sanfransico, 17% of california was chinese
the trip to america (ellis)
first, it cost your life savings, around 65 - 100 dollars per ticket and more for bribes for exit papers and passports
next, transportation, cunard and white star (2000 passengers) steerage was the first class, this was 12 days
last, ellis island, they had a 2 minute medical inspection, 32 background questions, contagious diseasis were shipped home and they were often given new names
why are they leaving china
famine and overpopulation, civil warfare, similar reasons as europeans, lured by fantastic tales
own forms of dress, food, language, segregated neighborhoods, encouraged to avoid contract, american culture considered backwards
americans thought chinese take menial jobs with low wages, unwilling to melt into americna culture american hostile during hard times
native - born americans (wasps) reactions
resented new immigrants, thought as them as poor, threat to economic well being, religous background, high birth rate
but the original anglo-saxon stock outbred and outvoted, blamed immigrants for degradation of urban government frear over importing dangerous doctrines socialism, communism, anarchism
what is a wasp
white anglo (british), saxon (french), protestant (christian)
restricitive legislation
congress passes barriers, chinese exclusion act (1882)
nativist fear of “yellow peril”
suspends immigration of chinese laborers for 10 years
