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Science > Sci - Physics > Flashcards

Sci - Physics Flashcards

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1
Q

Motion

A

Objects move from one point of space to another over time

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2
Q

Stationary

A

Objects remain at the same point of space over a period of time

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3
Q

Speed

A

A measure of the distance travelled over the time taken

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4
Q

Distance

A

Used to describe how far an object has travelled from the starting point

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5
Q

Time

A

Used to describe how long a journey has taken

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6
Q

Formula for Speed

A

V = d/t

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7
Q

Formula for Acceleration

A

a = v/t

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8
Q

Acceleration

A

Change of speed over time

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9
Q

How Acceleration occurs

A
  1. If an objects speed changes per second
  2. Unbalanced force is applied to an object
  3. If an object changes direction
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10
Q

Friction

A

The force which always opposes the direction

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11
Q

Drag

A

Friction that occurs in a fluid or gas

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12
Q

Useful instances of Friction

A

Walking - Grip
Cycling - Grip
Driving - Grip + Brakes

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13
Q

Air Resistance

A

When an object falls through air this type of friction occurs

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14
Q

Pressure

A

How much force is put onto a particular area

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15
Q

Forumula for pressure

A

P = F/A

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16
Q

Conversation of Energy

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed only transformed or transferred

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17
Q

Energy

A

The ability to do work

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18
Q

Types of Potential energy

A
  • Gravitational potential energy
  • Elastic potential energy
  • Chemical potential energy
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19
Q

Types of Kinetic energy

A
  • Kinetic Energy
  • Heat, sound, radiation, light energy
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20
Q

Potential energy equation

A

Ep = mgh

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21
Q

Kinetic energy equation

A

Ek = 1/2mv2

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22
Q

Newtons first law of Motion

A

An object cannot start, stop, or change direction all by itself

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23
Q

Newtons second law of Motion

A

The force applied on an object is equal to the product of its mass and accelertation

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24
Q

Newtons third law of Motion

A

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

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25
Q

Force

A

A force is a push or a Pull

26
Q

Force equation

A

F = ma

27
Q

Work

A

The transformation of energy (Ep = W)

28
Q

Work equation

A

W = Fd

29
Q

Power

A

The work done over time

30
Q

Power equation

A

P = W/t

31
Q

Vector quantities

A
  • displacement
  • velocity
  • acceleration
  • force
  • weight
  • momentum
32
Q

Work done

A

When a force causes an object to move a distance in the direction of force

33
Q

Density equation

A

d =. m/V

34
Q

Current

A

Flow of electrically charged particles

35
Q

Resistance

A

The opposition the charged particles encounter while flowing

36
Q

Voltage

A

The difference in electric potential energy between 2 places

37
Q

Series circuit

A

One single path for the current to flow, connecting the battery to all the components

38
Q

Parallel

A

Two or more paths available for the current to flow

39
Q

Electrical power

A

The amount of energy transformed by a component in a circuit or by the battery per second

40
Q

Power equation

A

P=IV

41
Q

Power-Energy equation

A

P = E/t

42
Q

Increase power supplied

A

Light bulbs burn brighter so more energy transformed per second. This well either drain the batteries faster or cost more

43
Q

Benefits of parallel

A

If one component fails the others continue to operate as there are more pathways for electricity to flow

44
Q

Factors that affect resistance

A
  • Length of resistance or wire
  • Thickness of resistance or wire
  • Material
  • Temperature
45
Q

Length Increase

A

Resistance increase

46
Q

Thickness increase

A

Resistance decrease

47
Q

How does the material affect the resistance

A

Some conductors are made from substances or materials with a greater or less intrinsic resistance (Copper, resistance decease and Tungsten, Resistance increase)

48
Q

How does the temperacture affect the resistance

A

Increasing temperature results in a greater degree of resistance to electron flow (Increase temp, Increase resistance)

49
Q

Charge

A

The degree to which an object has more, fewer, or the same number of electrons than protons, coulombs (C)

50
Q

What direction does charge flow

A

From positive to negative

51
Q

Electric Field

A

A region in which a charged object experiences a force

52
Q

Electrostatic forces

A

Electrostatic forces between charged particles cause movement of these charged particles

53
Q

m (mili)

A

x10^-3

54
Q

µ (micro)

A

x10^-6

55
Q

n (nano)

A

x10^-9

56
Q

p (pico)

A

x10^-12

57
Q

Gravitational potential energy

A

The potential energy an object has
because of it height.

58
Q

Kinetic energy

A

Energy an object has when its moving

59
Q

Conductor

A

Materials that allow the flow of electric charge

60
Q

Insulator

A

Materials that do not allow the flow of electric charge

61
Q

Charge seperation

A

Occurs when charge is transferred from one object to another. Between insulators

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