SCI atoms and cations andion and Flashcards
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Cations
a positively charged ion
anions
a negtivly charged ion,
electron
A negatively charged subatomic particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom.
elecrton configuration
The arrangement of electrons in an atom’s electron shells.
peroid
A horizontal row in the periodic table; elements in a period have the same number of electron shells.
group
group
A vertical column in the periodic table; elements in a group have the same number of valence electrons.
valence elctron
An electron in the outermost shell of an atom, involved in bonding.
ion
An atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons, giving it a charge.
iconic bonding
A type of chemical bonding where electrons are transferred from one atom to another, forming oppositely charged ions that attract.
octet rule
Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a full outer shell of eight electrons.
covalnet melceluer
A type of chemical bonding where atoms share electrons to form molecules.
what subatomic particles are found in the nuclous of an atom
Protons and neutrons
Which electron shell has the highest energy level in a sodium atom?
Third shell
Which element belongs to Group 1 and Period 3 of the periodic table?
Sodium
What is the charge of an ion formed when a sodium atom loses one electron?
+1
What type of bonding involves the transfer of electrons between atoms?
Ionic
Which of the following best describes a property of covalent molecules
Gases and liquids at room temperature
Why do elements produce a colour in the flame?
The heat of the flame excites electrons, which release energy as light when they return to their ground state.
What kind of bonding is present within amino acids?
covalent
What is the correct formula for magnesium chloride?
MgCl2
What is the name of the compound with the formula Na2O?
Sodium oxide
Describe the octet rule and explain why elements form ions
-the octet rule refers to the tendacy of atoms to achive a full valence shell(outer shell has 8 elctrons)
-elmemnts lose or gain elctrons in order to do this resulting in an imbalnce of protons:elctrons and forming ions
Explain, using examples how the periodic table is arranged in terms of groups and periods,and
describe what information can be inferred from an element’s position.
groups=colums-related to number of valnce elctrons
peroids=rows-related to number of elctron shells
Eg. lithuim group 1 peorid 2 = x2 elctron shells x1 elctron in in valnce shell
Eg. chloride group 17 peroid 3 = x3 elctron shells x7 elctrons in vlance shell
Write the electron configuration for a chlorine atom (atomic number 17).
(2,8,7)
what is an amino acid
Amino acids are molecules that combine to form proteins
