Atoms Y9 science Flashcards
dconservation of mass
In a chemical reaction mass is neither created nor destroyed
conservation of energy
Energy is not created or destroyed but merely changes forms, going from potential to kinetic to thermal energy
Kinetic energy
energy of motion, observable as the movement of an object or subatomic particle.
Potential energy
the stored energy in an object due to its position, properties, and forces acting on it
Useful energy
the energy that goes towards the desired output of the end-use application
Element
a pure substance made of only 1 type of atom that can not be broken down further into other substances
Molecule
two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds
Compound
Compounds are substances which can be formed by chemically combining two or more elements.
chemical reaction
a process in which one or more substances, also called reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, known as products
Chemical equation
symbolic representations of chemical reactions in which the reactants and the products are expressed in terms of their respective chemical formulae.
Exothermic
a chemical reaction that releases heat, causing the temperature of the immediate surroundings to rise
Endothermic
Chemical reactions that absorb (or use) energy cooling the environment
Combustion
chemical process in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen and gives off heat
Products
the species formed from chemical reactions
Reactants
a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction
Greenhouse gases
gases in the earth’s atmosphere that trap heat
The enhanced greenhouse effect
extra greenhouse gases in our atmosphere trap too much of the Sun’s energy
The greenhouse effect
The greenhouse effect is the process through which heat is trapped near Earth’s surface by substances known as ‘greenhouse gases.’
Fuel
material such as coal, gas, or oil that is burned to produce heat or power
Emission
the production and discharge of something, especially gas or radiation
Fossil fuels
a generic term for non-renewable energy sources
Molecular formula
a chemical formula that gives the total number of atoms of each element present in a molecule.
Compound
a substance made from two or more different elements that have been chemically joined
Wasted energy
occurs when energy is produced but not used, or when it is used inefficiently
Energy
the ability to do work
Transport
take or carry (people or goods) from one place to another using a vehicle,
What happens to energy during an endothermic reaction?
An endothermic reaction is any chemical reaction that absorbs heat from its environment.
Where does the heat come from in an exothermic reaction?
mixture
a combination of two or more pure substances in which each pure substance retains its individual chemical properties.
Provide examples of current methods humans use to transport themselves and objects
boat,car,train,truck,plane
Recall the types of kinetic energy
-elastic energy
-light energy
-sound energy
-thermal energy
Recall the types of potential energy
-chemical
-gravitational
-mechanical
-nuclear
a general equation for combustion
Fuel + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water + energy
common types of fossil fuels
Coal
oil
natural gas
3 impacts of fossil fuel emissions on the environment
-global warming
-worse air quality
-weakening ozone layer
the thing in the top left of a element on the perotic table
atomic number
the on the bottom middle
atomic mass
fossil fuels
non-renable energy source
