Schizophrenia (& Psychosis) Flashcards
Schizophrenia hallucinations
Thought echo
3rd person
Running com
1st rank symptoms
Thought interference
Hallucinations
Passivity
Delusional perceptions
What is a delusional perception?
2 step process e.g.
Traffic light red - wife having affair
Define delusion
Firm Fixed False belief With evidence to the contrary Cannot be explained by educational, cultures or religious beliefs
Different to over-valued idea e.g Tottenham is the best team
What’s schiziod-
Be
Which two dopamine pathways are implicated in schizophrenia?
Mesocortizl decrease (higher function ) Mesolimbic increase (emotions)
Other two
Nigra-strata - direct and indirect. Parkinson’s - excess dopamine can act on other pathways .
Tubero-infundibular (pitituatory) - dopamine inhibits prolactin secretion.
Treatment for schizophrenia
Typical - haloperidol, flupenfixel, (D2)
Atypical - risperindonr, olazipine, (D2 and 5-TH)
Clozapine - D4 (specific)
Symptoms, test and treatment, of neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Emergency - life threatening - trigger by new or increased dose/ drug
Cardinal - rigitidy, hyperpyrexis, confusion, autonomic
Test - CK (1000s) and
Clozapine is only indicated in which group of patients?
Patients resistant to at least 2 other antipsychotic medication.
What are the obstetric risk factors for schizophrenia?
Maternal malnutrition or virus. Pre-eclampsia. Low birth weight. Emergency c-section.
Why does cannabis increase the chance of you developing schizophrenia?
The COMT enzymes genes, if they have Val alleles rather than Met there is a higher risk of schizophrenia.
Adolescents are vulnerable because their brains are still developing.
What is social drift referring to in schizophrenia?
Moving down the social economic status due to the illness, social isolation and unemployment.
What is schizotypal disorder?
Social anxiety
Paranoia
Unconventional beliefs
