schizophrenia and psychosis

Question 1

what is psychosis ?

Answer 1

inability to distinguish hallucinations, delusions and disordered thinking from reality

Question 2

what are positive symptoms of schizophrenia ?

Answer 2

hallucinations
delusions
disordered thinking

Question 3

what are negative symptoms of schizophrenia ?

Answer 3

apathy
lack of interest
lack of emotion

Question 4

what are key symptoms for schizophrenia (have at least 1) ?

Answer 4

alienation of thought - echo, insertion, withdrawal
delusion of control - passivity
hallucinations - voices
persistent delusions

more than a month

Question 5

what are associated symptoms of schizophrenia (2+ of these) ?

Answer 5

persistent hallucination - any
neologisms - breaks in thought
catatonic behaviour
negative symptoms

Question 6

what are biological factors in aetiology of schizophrenia ?

Answer 6

genetics - neuregulin, dysbindin, di George
neurochemistry - dopamine, glutamate, GABA
obstetric complications
maternal flu
famine
winter birth
substance misuse

Question 7

what are social factors leading to schizophrenia ?

Answer 7

occupation and class
migration
isolation
life events 
cultural factors

Question 8

what are features of depressive episodes with psychosis ?

Answer 8

delusion of guilt, worthlessness and persecution

derogatory auditory hallucinations

Question 9

what are features of manic episodes with psychotic symptoms ?

Answer 9

delusions of grandeur, special powers

overactivity

Question 10

how do you treat schizophrenia ?

Answer 10

acute - risperidone, IM lorazepam
chronic - aripriprazole, olanzapine
resistant - clozapine

Question 11

what are good prognostic factors for schizophrenia ?

Answer 11

absent FHx
good premorbid function
clear precipitant
acute onset
mood disturbance
prompt treatment

Question 12

what are poor prognostic factors for schizophrenia ?

Answer 12

slow onset

prominent negative symptoms