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Mental Health > Schizophrenia > Flashcards

Schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

What is a delusion?

A

Firm, fixed belief incongruent with those of a similar background

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2
Q

What conditions are included under ‘psychoses’?

A

Schizophrenia
Delusional disorder
Acute and transient psychotic disorder
Schizoaffective disorder

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3
Q

What are schneider’s first-rank symptoms of schizophrenia?

A 
Auditory hallucinations:
Thought repetition
Running commentary
Discussing patient 
Thought alienation:
Thought insertion 
Thought withdrawal
Thought broadcasting
Made feelings 
Made actions
Made impulses
Somatic passivity
Delusional perception
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4
Q

Types of thought repetition?

A

Gedankenlautwerden - repeat thoughts outloud as they are being thought
Echo de la pensee - repetition just after they have been thought
Anticipatory - saying thoughts before they have been thought

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5
Q

What is running commentary?

A

Patient can hear a running commentary of everything they are doing

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6
Q

What is patient discussion?

A

Two voices discuss the subject in third person

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7
Q

What does ‘made’ feelings, impulse and actions mean?

A

Free will has been removed and an external agency is controlling his or her feelings, impulses, and actions

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8
Q

What is somatic passivity?

A

Passive recipient of somatic sensations from an external agency

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9
Q

What is a delusional perception?

A

Patient has a real perception with a delusional misinterpretation of it

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10
Q

Other symptoms of schizophrenia?

A 
Persistant delusions
Persistant hallucinations
Overvalvued idea
Breaks in trail of thought
Neologisms
Catatonic behaviour
Negative symptoms
Change in personal behaviour
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11
Q

What are neologisms?

A

New words or typical words used for a different meaning

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12
Q

What are the catatonic symptoms?

A

Stupor
Excitement
Posturing
Waxy flexibility

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13
Q

What is stupor?

A

Unresponsive, akinetic, mute, and fully conscious

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14
Q

What is posturing?

A

Patient adopts inappropriate bodily posture continuously for a prolonged period of time

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15
Q

What is waxy flexibility?

A

Limbs can be moulded into position and remain fixed for long periods of time

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16
Q

What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A 
Apathy
Poverty of speech
Lack of drive
Slowness
Blunting
Incongruent affect
Social withdrawal
Lowered social performance
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17
Q

What are the personality changes seen in schizophrenia?

A 
Hopelessness
Aimlessness
Idleness
Self-absorbed attitude
Social withdrawal
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18
Q

What are delusions of persecution?

A

e.g. patients believes people are out to get them

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19
Q

What are delusions of grandeur?

A

Exaggerated beliefs of self worth, power, knowledge, identity or exceptional relationship to a famous person

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20
Q

What are delusions of reference?

A

Insignificant remarks, events or objects have a personal meaning or significance

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21
Q

Describe some other delusions?

A

Delusion of exalted birth
Delusion of bodily change
Delusion of guilt

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22
Q

What is a cotard delusion?

A

Belief that you don’t exist/have died

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23
Q

What is erotomania?

A

False belief that another person is in love with them

Also called de Clerambault

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24
Q

Delusion of poverty?

A

Belief that they are financially incapacitated

25
Q

Features of paranoid schizophrenia?

A 
Delusions of persecution
Delusions of reference
Delusions of jealousy
Delusions of exhaulted birth
Hallucinatory voices which threaten the patient
Non verbal auditory hallucinations
Other hallucinations
26
Q

Features of hebephrenic schizophrenia?

A

Irresponsible and unpredictable behaviour
Rambling incoherent speech
Affective changes - incongruous affect, shallow mood
Poorly organised delusion
Fleeting hallucinations

27
Q

Features of catatonic schizophrenia?

A

Prominent psychomotor disturbances

28
Q

Features of simple schizophrenia?

A

Negative symptoms develop without the presence of positive symptoms

29
Q

Define stereotypy?

A

Repetitive purposeless movement - non goal directed

e.g. rocking

30
Q

Define mannerism?

A

Repetitive purposeful movement, goal directed

e.g. grimaces

31
Q

Define agitation?

A

Unintentional and purposeless motions and restlessness
Often accompanied by emotional distress
e.g. pacing, wringing hands

32
Q

Difference between agitation and mania?

A

Mania - many actions begun but not completed

33
Q

Define blunting?

A

Loss of appreciation of others feelings

34
Q

Outline common speech disorders in schizophrenia?

A 
Pressure of speech
Flight of ideas
Obscure associations between ideas
Word salad
Preseveration
35
Q

What is perseveration?

A

Uncontrollable repetition of a particular response

36
Q

What is malingering?

A

Exaggerating or lying for financial gain or medication

37
Q

Non-auditory hallucinations?

A

More common in organic disease

38
Q

Risk of schizophrenia with family history?

A

Twin - 50%
Parent - 10-15%
Sibling - 10%
No relatives - 1%

39
Q

What are clang associations?

A

Ideas related by rhyme/ similar sounding

40
Q

What is echolalia?

A

Repetition of words or phrases of the person they are talking to

41
Q

What is gaslighting?

A

Person fed lies in an attempt to convince them they are delusional

42
Q

What is capgras syndrome?

A

Family member/friend has been replaced by an identical looking imposter

43
Q

What is Fregoli syndrome?

A

Multiple people are in fact the same person in disguise

44
Q

What is reduplicative paramnesia?

A

Delusional belief that a place/location has been duplicated

45
Q

What is a Lilliputian hallucination?

A

Todd’s syndrome

Objects appear larger or smaller than they are in reality

46
Q

What is akathisia?

A

Inner restlessness

Inability to sit still

47
Q

What is acute dystonia?

A

Spasm of facial muscle

48
Q

What is Parkinsonism?

A

Changes in gait

Resting tremor

49
Q

What is tardive dyskinesia

A

Abnormal involuntary movements

Licking lips

50
Q

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

Hyperthermia

Muscle rigidity

51
Q

What is Charles-bonnet syndrome?

A

Persistent complex hallucinations occurring in clear consciousness

52
Q

Risk factors for Charles bonnet syndrome?

A 
Advanced age
Peripheral visual impairment
Social isolation
Sensory deprivation
Early cognitive impairment
53
Q

What is knights move thinking?

A

Illogical jumps between ideas

54
Q

Knights move vs flight of ideas?

A

Flight of ideas had discernible links

55
Q

What is Othello syndrome?

A

Delusional jealousy

Believing partner is unfaithful

56
Q

What is folie a deux

A

Transmission of delusions from one individual to another

57
Q

What is erotomania?

A

Delusion that another person is infatuated with them

58
Q

What is a lilliputian hallucination?

A

People are smaller than usual
‘Alice in Wonderland syndrome”
Alcohol withdrawal

59
Q

Ethnic variation in psychosis?

A

3-4 x more common in Africo-american background

Mental Health (10 decks)

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