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Mental Health > Neurotic disorders > Flashcards

Neurotic disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What are the neurotic disorders?

A 
Generalised anxiety
Panic disorder
Phobic disorder
OCD
PTSD
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2
Q

Factors associated with neurotic disorders?

A 
Low social class
Unemployment
Divorced/separated/widowed
Renting rather than owning
No educational qualifications
Urban rather than rural
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3
Q

Fight or flight response?

A 
Pallor
Mydriasis
Inc resp rate
Inc heart rate
Inc blood sugar
Inc metabolic rate
Inc blood flow to muscles 
Dec bowel/bladder function
Constriction of smooth muscle in skin
Sweating
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4
Q

What is generalised anxiety disorder?

A

Ongoing anxiety and worry about many events or thoughts that the patient thinks are excessive and debilitating

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5
Q

Physical symptoms of anxiety

A 
Tension headaches
Muscle tension
Dizziness
Flushes
Dry mouth
Dysphagia
Restlessness
Fatigue
Breathlessness
Tachycardia
Sweating
Cool, clammy hands
Trembling
GI discomfort, nausea, vomiting
Urinary frequency
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6
Q

What is a panic attack?

A

Unexpected severe exacerbation os psychic and somatic anxiety symptoms with intense fear or discomfort

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7
Q

Psychological symptoms of anxiety?

A 
Feelings of threat
Poor concentration
On edge, tense
Insomnia, nightmares
Noise intolerance
Inattention
Misinterpretation
Lability of mood
Depersonalisation
Derealisation
Perceptual distortion
Hypnagogic and hypnopompic hallucinations
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8
Q

What is depersonalisation?

A

Altered sense of personal reality or identity - Who am I?

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9
Q

What is derealisation?

A

Altered/unreal surroundings - Where am I?

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10
Q

What is a perceptual distortion?

A

Incorrect understanding or abnormal interpretation of a perceptual experience

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11
Q

What is cardiac neurosis?

A

Patient forgets about cause of anxiety and worries about having a heart attack

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12
Q

Anxiety symptom differentials?

A 
Generalised anxiety 
Panic disorder
Phobic disorder
OCD
Depressive disorder
Schizophrenia
Drug/alcohol withdrawal
Early dementia
Thyrotoxicosis
Pheochromocytoma
Unexpressed complaints of physical illness
Drug and alcohol abuse
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13
Q

What is progressive muscle relaxation?

A

isolated contraction of different muscles - mind relaxation follows muscle relaxation

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14
Q

Type of breathing exercise in anxiety?

A

Square breathing - in for 4, hold for 4, out for 4, wait for 4 - repeat

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15
Q

What is panic disorder?

A 
Recurrent attacks of severe anxiety not restricted to any particular situation
Last for minutes
Impending sense of doom
Freedom between attacks
Anticipatory anxiety
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16
Q

Phobic disorder?

A

Anxiety evoked by specific well-defined situations which are not currently dangerous

17
Q

Types of phobic disorder?

A

Specific phobia
Agoraphobia
Social phobia

18
Q

What is specific phobia?

A

Restricted to highly specific situations e.g. animals, heights, thunder, flying

19
Q

What is agoraphobia?

A

Fear of open spaces, crowds, difficulty in immediate escape from situations

20
Q

What is social phobia?

A

Fear of scrutiny of other people in comparatively small groups, leading to avoidance of social situations

21
Q

What is graded exposure?

A

Rank phobic situations from most manageable to least and work through exposure to each

22
Q

What is flooding?

A

Maximal exposure to fear stimulus until anxiety reduction or exhaustion occurs

23
Q

What is OCD?

A

Recurrent obsessional thoughts or compulsive acts
Unsuccessful resistance
Thought of carrying out act is not pleasurable
Thoughts, images, impulses must be unpleasantly repetitive

24
Q

Increased risk of OCD

A

Anakastic PD
Tertiary syphilis
Brain injury
Encephalitis

25
Q

What is PTSD?

A

Severe reaction to extremely stressful circumstances
Characterised by flashbacks/reliving the episode
Emotional blunting
Hyperarousal
Within 6 months of event

26
Q

What is acute stress reaction?

A

Transient - hours/days
Response to stressful event
Changing symptoms

27
Q

What are symptoms of acute stress reaction?

A 
Initial daze
Anxiety
Depression
Anger
Despair
Overactivity
Withdrawal
28
Q

What is an adjustment disorder?

A

Emotional distress following a significant life event
Affects social functioning
Onset within one month of event
Lasts less than 6 months

29
Q

What is circumstantiality?

A

Over-inclusive speech that is delayed in reaching its final goal
Can follow the speech, and it does eventually reach its goal
Sign of anxiety or hypomania

30
Q

How long should PTSD symptoms be present for diagnosis?

A

1 month

Mental Health (10 decks)

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