Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bsc Psychology Year 1 PY1506 > Schizophrenia > Flashcards

Schizophrenia Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

What is Schizophrenia?

A

the mental disorder which disrupts though process, perception, social interaction and emotional responsiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Is schizophrenia treatable?

A

Yes, it is a treatable disorder with treatment more effective in initial stages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What percentage of people with schizophrenia aren’t receiving appropriate care?

A

Over 50% of people with schizophrenia aren’t retrieving appropriate care.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the treatment situation in developing countries for schizophrenia?

A

90% of people aren’t being treated in developing countries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How was mental illness referred to before the 19th century?

A

Mental illness was referred to as idiocy, dementia, mania, and melancholia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Who divided functional psychosis into two classes?

A

Kraepelin divided functional psychosis into manic-depressive psychosis and dementia praecox.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does ‘dementia praecox’ refer to?

A

It refers to a steady downhill course leading to chronic impairment, later renamed ‘schizophrenia’ by Bleuler.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the term ‘schizophrenia’ mean?

A

‘Schizophrenia’ translates to ‘shattered mind’ and indicates that the constituent parts of the mind are disconnected, not split personality.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the two types of symptoms in schizophrenia?

A

Positive symptoms, which add to an individual’s reality, and negative symptoms, which take away from reality.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are examples of positive symptoms?

A

Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, and disorganized/catatonic behavior.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are examples of negative symptoms?

A

Flattened affect and avolition.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia?

A

Characteristic symptoms, social/occupational dysfunction, duration of at least 6 months, schizoaffective and mood disorder exclusion, general medical condition exclusion, and relationship to a pervasive development disorder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the typical onset age for schizophrenia?

A

Onset typically occurs in early adulthood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which gender is more frequently affected by schizophrenia?

A

Men are affected more frequently, severely, and earlier.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia?

A

The lifetime risk is approximately 1%.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the annual incidence of schizophrenia?

A

The annual incidence is 15 per 100,000.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What percentage of patients with schizophrenia attempt suicide?

A

30% of patients attempt at least once during their lifetime.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the risk of developing schizophrenia for first-degree relatives?

A

The risk is 2-9% for first-degree relatives.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do twin studies suggest about schizophrenia?

A

Monozygotic twins show 50% concordance, while dizygotic twins show 4%, suggesting genetic factors are important.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are some environmental factors associated with schizophrenia?

A

Season of birth, influenza during pregnancy, maternal malnutrition, complications during pregnancy, and stress during pregnancy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the relationship between urban living and schizophrenia?

A

People living in urban areas are more likely to develop schizophrenia due to feelings of isolation.

22
Q

What is expressed emotion in the context of schizophrenia?

A

Expressed emotion measures criticism, hostility, warmth, and emotional over-involvement in families.

23
Q

What is the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia?

A

Schizophrenia is caused by an excess of dopamine in the brain.

24
Q

What evidence supports the dopamine hypothesis?

A

Evidence includes amphetamine psychosis, Parkinson’s disease, and the effectiveness of antipsychotic medication.

25
Q

What are the side effects of antipsychotic medication?

A

Side effects can include Parkinsonian symptoms.

26
Q

What does the original dopamine hypothesis explain?

A

It explains that excessive dopamine activity causes positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

27
Q

What is a side effect of antipsychotic treatment?

A

Parkinsonian symptoms.

28
Q

What is the correlation between clinical dose and DA receptor blockade?

A

There is a strong correlation; however, when all DA receptors are blocked, schizophrenia (sz) persists.

29
Q

What does the original Dopamine Hypothesis state?

A

Excessive DA activity causes positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

30
Q

How do typical antipsychotics work?

A

They work by blocking DA receptors.

31
Q

What side effect do typical antipsychotics explain?

A

The Parkinson’s side effect of treatment.

32
Q

What does the original Dopamine Hypothesis not explain?

A

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

33
Q

What are atypical antipsychotic medications?

A

A new generation of antipsychotic drugs like Clozapine introduced in the 1970s.

34
Q

How do atypical antipsychotics compare to typical ones?

A

They are as effective as older typical antipsychotic medications, more effective in treatment-resistant cases, and for negative symptoms.

35
Q

What are the side effects of atypical antipsychotics?

A

They show fewer extrapyramidal side effects.

36
Q

What is a characteristic of atypical antipsychotics regarding DA blocking?

A

They showed weaker DA blocking.

37
Q

What additional action do atypical antipsychotics have?

A

They act as serotonin receptor antagonists.

38
Q

What does the mesolimbic pathway control?

A

Pleasure and motivation; increased DA causes positive symptoms.

39
Q

What does the mesocortical pathway control?

A

Memory, attention, problem solving, motivation, and emotional response; a decrease in DA causes negative symptoms.

40
Q

How does serotonin affect the mesocortical DA system?

A

Serotonin inhibits activity in the mesocortical DA system.

41
Q

What is the revised DA hypothesis?

A

Overactivity of the DA mesolimbic pathway causes positive symptoms, while underactivity of the DA mesocortical pathway causes negative symptoms.

42
Q

How do both typical and atypical antipsychotics affect positive symptoms?

A

They block dopamine, decrease mesolimbic activity, and reduce positive symptoms.

43
Q

What do atypical antipsychotics do to the mesocortical pathway?

A

They block serotonin antagonists, reduce inhibition, increase mesocortical activity, and reduce negative symptoms.

44
Q

What is recommended as initial treatment for schizophrenia?

A

Pharmacological intervention to block DA.

45
Q

How quickly do antipsychotics reduce anxiety symptoms?

A

They reduce feelings of anxiety within hours but take days or weeks to reduce other symptoms.

46
Q

What are examples of atypical and typical antipsychotics?

A

Atypical - clozapine; Typical - chlorpromazine.

47
Q

What side effects do both atypical and typical antipsychotics cause?

A

They can cause side effects like tremors and weight gain.

48
Q

What is the focus of psychological intervention for schizophrenia?

A

Targeting negative symptoms and helping people cope with positive symptoms.

49
Q

What are some types of psychological interventions?

A

CBT, Family Therapy, and Art Therapy.

50
Q

How is psychological intervention best used in treating Sz?

A

It is best combined with antipsychotic treatment.

Bsc Psychology Year 1 PY1506 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions