Schizophrenia Flashcards
Schizophrenia
-Splitting Soul or mind
-Thought disorder
Epidemiology
-1% prevalence in the world
-Risk in chronic disease and SUD
Higher prevalence in age 40-49
Etiology Genetic factors
-Predisposición más alta
-genes of interest COMT and GABRN2
Risk Factors (Environmental) COLD PIC
-Childhood Adversity
-Obstetric Complications
-Living in Urban Area
-Discrimination
-Psychosis from drugs
-Infection
-Cigarettes
Clinical Presentations Positive symptoms
-Psychosis
-Delusions (False Belief)
-Hallucinations
-Disorganized Speech
-Catatonic Behavior (Resistant to
moving or unresponsive stupor)
-Disorganized Behavior (out of context behavior)
Clinical Presentation Negative Symptoms
-Reduction or removal of normal processes
-Affective Flattening (Near absence of
facial expression)
-Ashedonia Asociality (unable to
experience emotion)
-Alogia (Lack of content in speech)
-Avolition Apathy (Decrease motivation)
-Pierde higiene y no sale de su hogar
Clinical Presentation Cognitive Symptoms
-Poor Decision-Making
-Attention Deficit
-Unable to remember or learn new things
-Unable to understand other easily (Lack of insight)
Schizophrenia Phases
- Prodromal Phase
-Withdrawn and spends
most of their time alone - Active Phase
-Active psychotic symptoms - Residual Phase
-Cognitive symptoms
Pathophysiology
-Hyperdopaminergic activity in the mesolimbic region contributes to positive symptoms
-Hypodopaminergic activity in the profrontal cortex is responsible for negative symptoms.
Dopamine pathway
Mesolimbic Pathway
-Projects from the VTA to the nucleus accumbens in the limbic system
Mesocorrical Pathway
-Projects from the VTA to the prefrontal cortex
Diagnostic Criteria
- Two or more
-Delusions
-Hallucinations
-Disorganized Speech - Affects functioning in work and relations
- Continuous signs at least 6 months with one month of active phase
- Not attributed to SUD or medication
