ADHD

Question 1

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Answer 1

-Inattention
-Hyperactivity
-Impulsivity
Condicion crónica y pediatrica

Question 2

Epidemiology

Answer 2

-Children
-Male
-Age from 12-17
-Hispanics and African American
-Sobrediagnosticada por lo que hay una escasez de medicamentos

Question 3

Etiology/Risk Factors

Answer 3

Genetic:
-Heritability averages around 74% (Only 22% attributed to a specific loci)
Environmental:
-Lead in pregnancy or young age
-Alcohol and tobacco in pregnancy
-Premature delivery
-Low birth weight

Question 4

ADHD Clinical Presentation

Answer 4

Inattention Subtype
-Se distrae fácilmente, no hace caso, procrastination
Hyperactive/Impulsive Subtype
-Mover sus extremidades mucho, habla por encima de otros, difícil quedarse callado por mucho tiempo.

Question 5

What is an Anatomical Pathophysiology in ADHD?

Answer 5

Smaller Pre-Frontal cortex
-Regulates top-down attention
-Default Mode Network (DMN):
Responsible of the person to loose
attention

Question 6

What is an Neurochemical Pathophysiology in ADHD?

Answer 6

Poca catecolaminas
-Dopamine, Norepinephrine,
Epinephrine
-Low to moderate levels of D1 receptor stimulation can improve prefrontal cortex functioning
-At moderate levels, norepinephrine can improve prefrontal cortex functioning by stimulating ⍺2A Receptor
Refer to graph in review

Question 7

ADHD Diagnostic

Answer 7

-Persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity (6 or more symptoms each)
-Several inattentive or hyperactive-impulsive symptoms were present prior to age 12 years.