Bipolar Disorder

Question 1

Bipolar Disease

Answer 1

It is a cycling condition characterized by chronic episodes of extreme excitement (mania or hypomania) followed by episodes of extreme depression

Question 2

Epidemiology

Answer 2

-3 to 5% prevalence in the world
-more than 70% of cases have the first episode before 25
-BP1 affects both sexes equally
-BP2 affects more women

Question 3

Risk factors and Pathophysiology

Answer 3

-Genetics (Cromosoma 22; Relina y Cromosoma 18)
-Neurotransmitter Imbalances (High NE)
-Environment (Trauma and drug use)
-Brain Structure and Function

Question 4

Clinical Manifestations

Answer 4

-Mood swings
-poor making decision
-abnormally talktative
-increase energy or activity,
-Racing thoughts
-exagerated self-confidence
-psychosis
-loss of interest
-weight loss
-suicidal attempts
-feeling hopeless.

Question 5

Bipolar Disorder I Diagnostic

Answer 5

-At least one manic episode for a week, which might have been preceded or followed by a hypomanic episode or major depressive episode
-Problemas organizacionales y de relaciones. Lleva a perder relaciones o trabajos.
-Hypomanic and major depressive episodes are common in bipolar I but are not required for the diagnosis of bipolar I disorder.

Question 6

Bipolar Disorder II Diagnostic

Answer 6

-At least one current or past hypomanic episode for at least 4 days and a major depressive episode; no manic episodes.
-The symptoms and episodes used to diagnose these disorders must not be related to the physiological effects of a substance or general medical condition.
-Puede manejar sintomas y no pierde relacion ni trabajos

Question 7

Substance/Medication-Induced Bipolar and Related Disorder

Answer 7

Is diagnosed when a substance causes manic/hypomanic and/or depressive symptoms

Question 8

Mania Symptoms (DIG FAST)

Answer 8

-Distractibility
-Indiscretion
-Grandiosity
-Flight of ideas
-Activity increase
-Sleep deficit
-Talkativeness

Question 9

Diferential Diagnosis

Answer 9

-Misdiagnosed (Pacientes se tardan de 6 a 10 años a ser diagnosticado por bipolaridad y no depresion).
-Diagnostic criteria for MDD diagnosis are the same applied for bipolar depression.
-Medications used for MDD have the potential to exacerbate mania.
-Obtaining information from close relatives.