schizo Flashcards
schizophrenia characterised by
WITHDRAWAL - from other people + reality into
hallucinations/delusions
change motivation+emotional expressiveness;
changes in cognition
feelings of sensory bombarding
Kraepelin’s descriptive psychiatry refers to__________
classify disorders by clustering symptoms
Dementia praecox meant
thought it was a deteriorating illness - dementia and that is was a PRODROMAL stage
The MAJOR distinction between Kraepelin + Bleuler is
Secodn thought that schizo does NOT all have same outcome. Was the one who coined schizophrenia
DSM - criteria for schizo________
2+ for >1 month.
MUST incl - >1 of; delusions/hallucnations/ disorganised speech/thoughts
catatonia, disorganised behaviour, negative symptoms
social/occupational function has declined since onset, lack insight signs are present for >6months
For the most part, schizophrneia characterised by________which are______
POSITIVE symptoms
hallucinations/delusions
Delusions are;
a) beliefs
b) beliefs contradicting reality
c) beliefs contradicting reality despite evidence of the contrary
C
Delusions are only present in schizo (T/F)
FALSE - also in MDD, bipolar
Persecutory delusions refer to
thinking that someone wants to harm you
thought alienation encompasses_______&_______
thought insertion - that their own thoughts were inserted by external source
thought withdrawal - thoughts taken from own mind
Thought broadcasting refers to
delusion that your thoughts are being broadcasted via radio waves // that others know their thoughts
Ideas of reference:
delusion where you take personal significance to environmental unrelated stimuli i.e. overhearing a conversation = means they are plotting against you
Misidentification delusions mean
think that everyone around you is REPLACED with imposters
the MOST common type of hallucination is
AUDITORY -
positive = from a known person
negative = in third person, last longer, are louder
Hallucinations / delusions are compulsory for diagnosis (T/F)
FALSE
Neuroimaging of schizophrenia tells us that_______
have HYPERactive broca’s area (production) + HYPERactive wernicke’s area. HENCE = those with auditory hallucinations FAIL to predict what sensations arise from their own actions and instead label own voice to ‘external source’
Negative symptoms of schizo________
social withdrawal, decreased motivation, anhedonia, avolition,
Avolition refers to _____________
apathy, lack of motivation/ interest in activities that used to show interest in BUT does NOT affect all goals
LESS motivation for autonomy, gaining new skills
Asociality in schizo is________
negative symptom referring to SEVERE social impairment in social relationships + no desire for closeness
Anhedonia types are -
Consummatory pleasure - pleasure experienced in the moment i.e. watching nice movie
Anticipatory pleasure - pleasure EXPECTED for a future event i.e. graduation
In schizo, consummatory is normal but ANTICIPATORY is low
Blunted Affect is__________
a negative symptom of schizo where there is reduced outward expression of emotion i.e. dead eyes, blank stare, reduced muscle tone, flat tone
Though schizo may show low external affect, INTERNALLY they show ___________emotion than controls
same or MORE internal emotions
Alogia is __________
reduction in quantity of speech, schizo not likely to elaborate detail, MAY illustrate low content
Negative symptoms can be classified into 2 types___________
(1) Motivation and pleasure: (motivation, emotional experienc, sociality)
(2) Expression: the outward expression of emotion
Bleuler’s4 PRIMARY symproms were_________around which people could differ
1) loossened associations (disorganisation of thought)
2) ambivalence (carelessness for external world)
3) autism (social withdrawal)
4) affect (low emotion expression)
Schneider’s first rank symptoms;
passivity experience
thought echo
mean________
passivity experience - belief that you are not in control over own body
thought echo - exp thoughts of echoes
When can a diagnosis be made with only 1 symptom of schizophrenia?
if delusions are BIZARRE, not plausible at all i.e. sea monsters biz, CIA following = not biz;
hallucinations give running commentary
hallucinations comprise of >1 voice
a) shcizo is often characterised by pos symptoms
b) pos symptoms are sufficiant for diagnosis
c) pos and neg symptoms must be present for diagnosis
d) there is a single pos symptom that is necessary for schizo
ALL WRONG as long as there is 2+ incl
if a person has symptoms for <6 months, we call it_________
schizophreniform = because we cannot be sure that this is schizo yet. May be bipolar, MDD etc., (arbitrary cut off)
Difference between DSM-IV/5 in schizo is__________
4 had subtypes - paranoid, disorganised, catatonic, indifferentiated, residual
5 does NOT have types
Psychosis means _______
collection of symptoms where person cant distinguish between real and unreal
nihilistic delusions are __________
belief that major catastrophe is coming
