Schema Theory

Question 1

Responsibility

Answer 1

• Setting up the task to drive the movement
• It is our responsibility to design our interventions such that the client is allowed to practice tasks in a wide variety of environments interacting with a variety and purposeful set of objects

Question 2

Schmidt’s Schema Theory-Schema

Answer 2

• Learners develop “rules” (schemas) for a motor task or behavior
• Motor memories
• An abstract representation stored in memory following multiple presentations of a class of objects or experiences

Question 3

Schmidt’s Schema Theory-Schema–A Rule

Answer 3

a relationship between all the past environmental outcomes that the person produced and the values of the parameters that were used to produce those outcomes

Question 4

Schmidt’s Schema Theory

Answer 4

• A schema is the relationship between the parameters generated and the movement outcomes produced
• (linear or non-linear regression line)

Question 5

If you construct interventions with limited experiences…

Answer 5

expect a limited schema to be built

Question 6

Schema Theory-Reach Ex.

Answer 6

• When planning to produce a movement never before performed, the learner uses the schema to make an educated guess
• e.g. maximum aperture for a given object width
• Tested with different objects to test max. aperture
• Want to change the objects’ width a lot bc there’s a lot of variability to the width in the graph
• Pt needs to be able to build this relationship
• Easier to interpolate in between earlier sessions than extrapolate later on [switch strategies]

Question 7

Schmidt states that performance of a novel task either…

Answer 7

• inside (interpolation) or outside (extrapolation) of the range of variation experienced is enhanced following development of a schema for that task
• Interpolation – relatively safe
• -Less prone to error than extrapolation
• -Middle of graphed data
• Extrapolation – more prone to error

Question 8

We must construct an intervention session such that the patient experiences…

Answer 8

-a wide variety of task parameters to increase the chance of a patient’s success outside of the clinic
-Ex: gait
a wide variety of distances, speeds, even/uneven surfaces, stop/starts, around/under/through obstacles, carrying items, etc.
Only on level surfaces so you need to build schema for different levels
Need to build schemas for EVERYTHING

Question 9

Schema Theory Conculsions

Answer 9

It is your responsibility to construct intervention sessions utilizing a wide variety of tasks, objects and environments (variability) in order to build motor schemas