Schatcher and Singer

Question 1

Aim

Answer 1

• to test the Two-factor theory of emotion
• wanted to research if, given an adequate explanation, cognitive factors can lead the individual to describe their feelings with any of a number of emotional labels

Question 2

Two-factor theory of emotion

Answer 2

emotional experience comes from a combination of a physical state of arousal and a cognition that makes best sense of the situation the person is in

Question 3

IV

Answer 3

• 2 IVs
• the knowledge about the injections: informed, misinformed or ignorant
• the emotional situation the participant was placed into: euphoria or anger

Question 4

DV

Answer 4

• 2 DVs
• observational data recorded by two observers through a one way mirror (agreed 88% of the time)
• the self report

Question 5

Sample

Answer 5

• !85 male college students
• taking psychology introductory classes
• Uni of Minnesota
• course credit
• uni health records were checked prior to the experiment
• analyzed data of 169 participants only

Question 6

Hypotheses 1

Answer 6

If a person experiences a state of arousal for which they have no immediate explanation, they will label this state and describe their feelings in terms of the cognitions available to them at the time

Question 7

Hypotheses 2

Answer 7

If a person experiences a state of arousal for which they have an appropriate explanation then they will label their feelings in terms of the alternative cognitions available.

Question 8

Hypotheses 3

Answer 8

If a person is put in a situation, which in the past could have made them feel an emotion, they will react emotionally or experience emotions only if they are in a state of physiological arousal.

Question 9

Misinformed Group

Answer 9

• only the euphoria condition
• because it was a control condition and inclusion in just one of the categories was adequate to evaluate the possible impacts of receiving info about side effects after the injection

Question 10

Results

Answer 10

• participants in the adrenaline conditions were physiologically aroused during the experiment.
• misinformed were the happiest, ignorant, informed.
• ignorant group felt the angriest, placebo
• least angry: informed

Question 11

Usefulness

Answer 11

-useful in treating people who suffer with anxiety and panic attacks as it will allow them to identify environmental triggers that may cause them to become physiologically aroused and fearful