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CADE > Scapular and Pectoral Regions > Flashcards

Scapular and Pectoral Regions Flashcards

1
Q

Red

Black

Green

A
  • Red- Scapula
  • Green- Clavicle
  • Black- Manubrium
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2
Q

Yellow

Blue

Red

A

Yellow Humerus

Blue Radius

Red Ulna

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3
Q

Purple

red

yellow

blue

orange

pink

black

brown

Green

A

Purple:Scaphoid(boat looking),

Red:lunate(half moon),

yellow: triquetrum,

Blue: pisiform (shaped like a pea),

Orange: trapezium (trapezithumb),

Pink: trapezoid,

Black: capitate,

Brown: hamate(oink)

Green: Metacarpals

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4
Q

Red”

yellow

purple

A

Red: prox. phalanges

Yellow middle phalanges

Purple distal phalanges

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5
Q

What Bones make up the Pectoral Girdle?

A

Scapula 

Clavicle

Manubrium

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6
Q

What bone makes up the arm (aka the _____)?

A

Aka brachium

Humerus

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7
Q

What bones make up the forearm (aka the_____)?

What are these bones bound together by?

A

Aka the (antebrachium)

Radius

Ulna

Bound together via interosseous membrane

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8
Q

What Bones does the wrist (aka ____) consist of?

A

Carpus

8 bones: Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

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9
Q

Of the five metacarpals, which one is lateral and which is medial? How do you number?

A

Lateral- goes to thumb and is #1

medial- pinky side is #5

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10
Q

The thumb is digit #__ and has ___ phalanges called what?

The pinky is digit #__ and has ___ phalanges called what?

How many phalanges do the rest of the digits have? called?

A

5, with three phalanges, distal, middle, proximal

Thumb-

#1, with 2 phalanges one distal and proximal

Pinky:

Digits #3-5

all have three phalangse with distal, middle and proximal halanges

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11
Q

____ ____ snugly encloses the muscles of the upper limb and is continuous over the_______, _____, and ___ ___.

A

Deep fascia

pectoral girdle, axilla and upper limb.

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12
Q

Lable 1-9

A
  1. deltoid fascia
  2. pectoral fascia
  3. brachial fascia
  4. antebrachial fascia
  5. palmar carpal ligament
  6. superficial transverse metacarpal ligament
  7. bicipital aponeurosis
  8. tendon of palmaris longus
  9. palmar aponeurosis
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13
Q

what are the regional designations of fascia in the upper limb? (5)

A

Axillary fascia

Brachial fascia

Antebrachial fascia

Palmar fascia

Digital fibrous sheaths

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14
Q

Brachial fascia extends ____ to attach to the ____ as ___&____ _____ ____ that compartmentalize muscles of the ____

A

deep

humerus

medial&lateral intermuscular septae

arm

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15
Q

What is this a cross section of?

Label 1-5

A

the arm

  1. lateral intermuscular septum
  2. Brachial fascia
  3. medial intermuscular septum
  4. skin
  5. shaft of humerus
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16
Q

Antebrachial fascia is thickened at the ____, _____ &_____ as the ____ & _____ ____, respectively

A

wrist

anteriorly

posteriorly

flexor and extensor retinaculum

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17
Q

This is a cross section of the what?

Label 1-5.

A

forearm

  1. interosseous membrane
  2. skin
  3. shaft of the ulna
  4. shaft of the radius
  5. antebrachial fascia
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18
Q

This is a cross section of the?

label 1-8

A

Wrist

  1. flexor retinaculum (transverse carpal ligament)
  2. hamate
  3. palmar carpal ligament
  4. carpal tunnel
  5. capitate
  6. trapezoid
  7. trapezium
  8. extensor retinaculum
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19
Q

There are two patterns of sensory innervation that occur in the upper limb: First, there is _____ ___ (____) that is done by the ____ ____. Next, there is ____ ____ done by _____ ____ from the _____ ___.

A

segmental innervation (dermatomes) by spinal nerves

multisegmental innervation by peripheral nerves from the brachial plexus

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20
Q

The____ ____ is the main source of arterial blood for the upper limb. It gives rise to several branches, including the ____ __, which supplies muscles of the scapula via _____ and ____ _____ arteries.

A

subclavian artery

thyrocervical trunk

suprascapular and transverse cervical

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21
Q

The subclavian artery becomes the ____ ___ as it crosses the ____ border of the first rib. It gives rise to multiple branches that will be discussed with the axilla.

A

axillary artery

lateral border

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22
Q

When it crosses the lower border of ___ ____, the axillary artery becomes the ____ ____ that travels through and supplies structures in the arm. It gives rise to the deep ____ _____ (_____ ____), as well as the superior and inferior ____ ____ ____.

A

teres major

brachial artery

brachial artery (profunda brachii)

ulnar collateral arteries.

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23
Q

The brachial artery splits into the ___ &____ ____anterior to the elbow.

A

radial and ulnar arteries

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24
Q

The ulnar artery gives rise to several branches in the forearm, including: ____ ____ ___ and the ____ ____ ____which splits into anterior and posterior____ ____). The ulnar artery terminates as the ___ ____ ____ in the hand.

A

ulnar recurrent artery and

the common interosseous artery

interosseous arteries

superficial palmar arch

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25
Q

The _____ ____ travels along the lateral forearm, giving rise to the ___ ____ ___ and terminating as the ____ ___ ____in the hand.

A

radial arteryradial recurrent artery

deep palmar arch in the hand.

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26
Q

what are the two types of veins in the upper limb?

A

deep and superficial

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27
Q

Deep veins lie inside the deep fascia and occur as ___ ___ or accompanying veins that travel with and are named for the ___ ___ of the upper limb.

A

“venae comitantes,

major arteries

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28
Q

Superficial veins of the upper limb travel in the ____ ____. They originate in the ____ ___ ___ on the back of the ____ and are drained by the ____ & ____ veins.

A

subcutaneous fascia

dorsal venous network

hand

cephalic and basilic veins

29
Q

o Anterior to the elbow, the ____ & ___ veins join as the ____ ___ ___, which is often used for venipuncture. The cephalic vein drains to the ____ ____, while the basilic vein joins the ___ ___ to form the ____ ____.

A

cephalic and basilic

median cubital vein

axillary vein,

brachial vein

axillary vein.

30
Q

There are two types of lymphatics in the upper limb, which are ___ and ____.

.

A

deep and superficial

31
Q

Deep lymphatics accompany the____ ___ and terminate in ____ ____ ____ ___.

A

deep veins

humeral (lateral) axillary lymph nodes.

32
Q

Superficial lymphatics arise in the____ of the upper limb and travel with _____ ___, to enter either _____ ___ ____anterior to the elbow, or ___ (_____) ___ ____ ___. Those accompanying the cephalic vein drain to the___ ___ ____ ____

A

skin

superficial veins

cubital lymph nodes

humeral (lateral) axillary lymph nodes

apical axillary lymph nodes

33
Q

Muscles of the pectoral region attach the upper limb to the trunk, moving and stabilizing the ___ ___ in response to movements of the ___ ___ at the shoulder.

A

pectoral girdle

glenohumeral joint

34
Q

What are the different movements of the pectoral girdle ?

A

 Elevation and Depression

 Protraction and Retraction

 Lateral (upward) rotation and Medial (downward) rotation

35
Q

Name these movements of the pectoral girdle1-6

A
  1. elevation
  2. depresssion
  3. adduction (retraction)
  4. abduction (protraction)
  5. upward rotation
  6. downward roation (to return to anatomical position
36
Q

_____- or ____- ______ muscles connect the upper limb to the trunk. They move and stabilize the ____ ____ in response to movements of the ____ _____

A

thoraco- or axio-appendicular

pectoral girdle

glenohumeral joint

37
Q

What are the Anterior thoraco-appendicular muscle?

A

 Pectoralis major

 Pectoralis minor

 Serratus anterior

 Subclavius

38
Q

What are the Posterior thoraco-appendicular muscles?

A

 Trapezius

 Latissimus dorsi

 Levator scapulae

 Rhomboid major

 Rhomboid minor

39
Q

What muscles elevate the pectoral girdle?

A

Trapezius,

levator scapulae

40
Q

What muscles depress the pectoral girdle?

A

Pectoralis minor

trapezius

41
Q

What muscles protract the pectoral girdle?

A

Pectoralis minor

serratus anterior

42
Q

What muscles retract the pectoral girdle?

A

Trapezius

Rhomboid major and minor

43
Q

What muscles do lateral rotation of the pectoral girdle?

A

Serratus anterior,

trapezius

44
Q

What muscles do medial rotation of the pectoral girdle?

A

Levator scapulae,

rhomboid major and minor

45
Q

Tell me the following things about Pectoralis major:

Innervation:

Action:

Proximal attachment:

Distal attachment:

A

Innervation: Medial and lateral pectoral nerves

Action: Adducts & medially rotates humerus; flexes humerus

Proximal attachment: Clavicular head: medial clavicle; Sternocostal head: sternum, upper costal cartilages

Distal attachment: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

46
Q

Label 1-8

A
  1. clavipectoral triangle
  2. clavicluar head (ANT side of deltoid)
  3. acromial head (deltoid)
  4. Clavicular head (pec major)
  5. sternocostal head (pec major)
  6. lattissimus dorsi
  7. biceps brachii
  8. serratus anterior
47
Q

Tell me the following for pectoralis minor:

Innervation:

Action:

Proximal attachment:

Distal attachment:

A

Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve

Action: Protracts, depresses, stabilizes scapula

Proximal attachment: Ribs 3-5

Distal attachment: Coracoid process of scapula

48
Q

Tell me the following things about serratus anterior:

Innervation:

Action:

Proximal attachment:

Distal attachment:

A

Innervation: Long thoracic nerve o

Action: Protracts scapula; rotates scapula o

Proximal attachment: Ribs 1-8 o

Distal attachment: Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

49
Q

Tell me the following things about subclavius anterior:

Innervation:

Action:

Proximal attachment:

Distal attachment:

A

o Innervation: Nerve to subclavius o

Action: Anchors and depresses clavicle o

Proximal attachment: Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle o

Distal attachment: Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage

50
Q

Muscles of the scapular region attach the scapula to the ____ acting at the _______ ____of the shoulder.

What movements can it do?

A

humerus

glenohumeral joint

Flexion and Extension

Abduction and Adduction

Internal (medial) rotation and External (lateral) rotation

51
Q

What are the Scapulo-humeral (intrinsic shoulder) muscles

A

 Deltoid

 Teres major

 Rotator cuff

o Supraspinatus

o Infraspinatus

o Teres minor

o Subscapularis

52
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

A

o Supraspinatus

o Infraspinatus

o Teres minor

o Subscapularis

53
Q

What muscles are responsible for flexion of the Glenohumeral Joint?

A

Deltoid, pectoralis major, coracobrachialis, short head of biceps brachii

54
Q

What muscles are responsible for extension of the Glenohumeral Joint?

A

Deltoid, latissimus dorsi, teres major, long head of triceps brachii

55
Q

What muscles are responsible for abduction of the Glenohumeral Joint?

A

Supraspinatus (initiates and assists in 1st 15 degrees), deltoid (fully effective after 1st 15 degrees)

56
Q

What muscles are responsible for adduction of the Glenohumeral Joint?

A

Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major, long head of triceps brachii

57
Q

What muscles are responsible for internal (medial) rotation of the Glenohumeral Joint?

A

Deltoid, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, teres major, subscapularis

58
Q

What muscles are responsible for external (lateral) rotation of the Glenohumeral Joint?

A

Deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor

59
Q

tell me the following things about the deltoid:

Innervation:

Action:

Proximal attachment:

Distal attachment:

A

Innervation: Axillary nerve o

Action: Flexes and medially rotates arm, abducts arm, extends and laterally rotates arm o

Proximal attachment: Lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula o

Distal attachment: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

60
Q

Tell me the following things about the Teres Major:

Innervation:

Action:

Proximal attachment:

Distal attachment:

A

o Innervation: Lower subscapular nerve o

Action: Adducts and medially rotates arm o

Proximal attachment: Inferior angle of scapula o

Distal attachment: Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

61
Q

Tell me the following things about the supraspinatus:

Innervation:

Action:

Proximal attachment:

Distal attachment:

A

o Innervation: Suprascapular nerve o

Action: Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm o

Proximal attachment: Supraspinous fossa of scapula o

Distal attachment: Great tubercle of humerus

62
Q

Tell me the following things about the infraspinatus:

Innervation:

Action:

Proximal attachment:

Distal attachment:

A

o Innervation: Suprascapular nerve o

Action: Lateral rotation of arm o

Proximal attachment: Infraspinous fossa of scapula o

Distal attachment: Greater tubercle of humerus

63
Q

Tell me the following things about the Teres Minor:

Innervation:

Action:

Proximal attachment:

Distal attachment:

A

o Innervation: Axillary nerve o

Action: Lateral rotation of arm o

Proximal attachment: Lateral border of scapula o

Distal attachment: Greater tubercle of humerus

64
Q

Tell me the following things about the subscapularis:

Innervation:

Action:

Proximal attachment:

Distal attachment:

A

o Innervation: Upper and lower subscapular nerves o

Action: Medially rotates and adducts arm o

Proximal attachment: Subscapular fossa of scapula o

Distal attachment: Lesser tubercle of humerus

65
Q

Tell me the borders of the Quandrangular space

A

Superior border: Teres minor •

Inferior border: Teres major •

Medial border: Long head triceps brachii •

Lateral border: Surgical neck of humerus

66
Q

What are the contents of the quadrangular space?

A

Contents: Axillary nerve and posterior humeral circumflex artery/vein

67
Q

Label 1-5

A
  1. supraspinatus
  2. spine of scapula
  3. infraspinatus
  4. teres minor
  5. teres major
68
Q

Label 1-6

A
  1. supraspinatus
  2. subscapular notch
  3. acromion
  4. transverse humeral ligament
  5. humerus
  6. subscapularis
69
Q

Label 1-6

A
  1. supraspinatus
  2. infraspinatus
  3. teres major
  4. teres minor
  5. long head triceps
  6. lateral head triceps

CADE (11 decks)

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