Scapular and Pectoral Regions

Question 1

MM of Pectoral Girdle

Answer 1

rotator cuff mm and assisting mm
-Deltoid m= shoulder pads
-Teres major m= lats little helper
-Supraspinatus m= S
-Infraspinatus m= I
-Teres minor m= T
-Subscapularis m= S
(sternum is not part of girdle but some of its mms connect to sternum)

Question 2

Deltoid m O and I

Answer 2

O:
lateral clavicle
acromion
spine of scapula
I:
deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Question 3

Deltoid m A

Answer 3

abducts humerus (1)
flexes
extends
rotates humerus (2)

Question 4

Deltoid m S

Answer 4

axillary n

post circumflex humeral vessels

Question 5

Teres Major m O and I

Answer 5

O:
inferior angle of scapula
I:
crest of lesser tubercle of humerus

Question 6

Teres Major m A

Answer 6

adducts
extends
medially rotates humerus

Question 7

Teres Major m S

Answer 7

lower subscapular n

subscapular vessels

Question 8

Supraspinatus m O and I

Answer 8

O:
supraspinous fossa
I:
greater tubercle of humerus

Question 9

Supraspinatus m A

Answer 9

abducts humerus (1st 15*)

Question 10

Supraspinatus m S

Answer 10

suprascapular n/a/v

dorsal scapular vessels

Question 11

Infraspinatus m O and I

Answer 11

O:
infraspinous fossa
I:
greater tubercle of humerus

Question 12

Infraspinatus m A

Answer 12

lateral rotation of humerus

Question 13

Infraspinatus m S

Answer 13

suprascapular n/a/v

subscapular vessels

Question 14

Teres Minor m O and I

Answer 14

O:
lateral border of scapula
I:
greater tubercle of humerus

Question 15

Teres Minor m A

Answer 15

lateral rotation of humerus

Question 16

Teres Minor m S

Answer 16

axillary n
suprascapular vessels
subscapular vessels

Question 17

Subscapularis m O and I

Answer 17

O:
subscapular fossa
I:
lesser tubercle of humerus

Question 18

Subscapularis m A

Answer 18

medial rotation of humerus

Question 19

Subscapularis m S

Answer 19

upper and lower subscapular nn/a/v

Question 20

What mms protect the shoulder region?

Answer 20

deltoid m: provides outer muscular support

rotator cuff provides inner muscular suppoer

Question 21

Subacrominal (Subdeltoid) Bursa

Answer 21

• membranous sac containing lubricating synovial fluid
• inferior to acromion and deltoid
• superior to supraspinatus m
• -does not communicate with jt capsule
• -becomes continuous with jt capsule due to attrition of supraspinatus tendon

Question 22

Attrition of Supraspinatus tendon: tendon degenerates in ___________. Up to ___ of adults rupture tendon by ____. As it wears away, underlying jt capsule _____. When capsule _____, continuous with bursa, painful shoulder with _______ arm movement.

Answer 22

middle age
1/4
65
thins
opens
limited

Question 23

Quadrangular Space contains

Answer 23

transmitting axillary n and posterior circumflex humeral a

Question 24

Triangular Space contains

Answer 24

with circumflex scapular a deep to space

Question 25

Triangular Interval contains

Answer 25

profunda brachii (deep brachial) a and radial n

Question 26

Quadrangular Space mm

Answer 26

-teres minor m (sup) -teres major m (inf) -long head of triceps brachii m (med) -surgical neck of humerus (lat) contains- axillary n and pos circumflex humeral vessels

Question 27

Triangular Space mm

Answer 27

-teres minor m (sup) -teres major m (inf) -long head of triceps brachii m (lateral) contains- circumflex scapular vessel

Question 28

Triangular interval mm

Answer 28

-teres major m (sup) -long head of triceps brachii m (med) -lateral head of triceps brachii m (lat) contains- radial n and deep brachial a

Question 29

Suprascapular n

Answer 29

ventral rami of C5-C6 -runs under superior transverse scapular lig thru suprascapular notch along with a pass thru spinoglenoid notch to infraspinatus fossa and supply supraspinatus and infraspinatus mm

Question 30

Suprascapular a

Answer 30

thyrocervical trunck -runs over superior scapular lig above suprascapular notch along with n pass thru spinoglenoid notch to infraspinatus fossa and supply supraspinatus and infraspinatus mm

Question 31

Dorsal Scapular n

Answer 31

ventral ramus of C5 along with a runs parallel to vertebral border of scapula and supply levator scapulae and rhomboid mm

Question 32

Dorsal Scapular a

Answer 32

subclavian a or transverse cervical a along with n runs parallel to vertebral border of scapula and supply levator scapulae and rhomboid mm

Question 33

Accessory n

Answer 33

brainstem (CN XI) -descends thru neck and joins transverse cervical a along with transverse cervical a supplies trap

Question 34

Transverse Cervical a

Answer 34

thyrocervical trunk -runs deep to trap m along with accessory n supplies trap

Question 35

Upper and Lower Subscapular nn

Answer 35

posterior cord of brachial plaxus -ventral rami of C5-C6 supplies subscapularis m lower subscapular n (along with subscapular a) supply teres major m

Question 36

Subscapular a

Answer 36

axillary a -splits to thoracodorsal a and circumflex scapular a supplies subscapularis m along with lower suscapular n supplies the teres major m

Question 37

Collateral Circulation of Scapular Region: - extensive - ensures adequate blood supply to ______ - -in event of insufficient flow thru ________/temporary ligation - -collateral circulation by ______ and ______

Answer 37

UL axillary a thyrocervical trunk subscapular a

Question 38

CCOSR: ligated axillary a: - ligate btw __________ and ________ - blood flow in __________ reverses - allows blood to flow to UL - ligate anywhere ____ to ________ and blood cannot flow to UL

Answer 38

``` thyrocervical trunk subscapular a subscapular a distal subscapular a ```

Question 39

Pectoralis Major m O and I

Answer 39

``` O: clavicle sternum ribs 2-6 I: crest of greater tubercle of humerus ```

Question 40

Pectoralis Major m A

Answer 40

adducts | medially rotates humerus

Question 41

Pectoralis Major m S

Answer 41

medial and lateral pectoral nn | thoracoacrominal vessels

Question 42

Pectoralis Minor m O and I

Answer 42

O: ribs 3-5 I: coracoid process of scapula

Question 43

Pectoralis Minor m A

Answer 43

protracts scapula

Question 44

Pectoralis Minor m S

Answer 44

medial pectoral n | thoracoacomial vessels

Question 45

Lateral Thoracic (mammary) a

Answer 45

branch of axillary a (deep to pec minor m) - runs with LONG THORACIC n - supplies: - -lateral thorax - -lateral pec region - -lateral breast

Question 46

Internal Thoracic (mammary) a

Answer 46

branch of subclavian a (inside thorax) - descends across intercostal spaces lateral to sternum - supplies: - -anterior thorax - -medial pec region - -medial breast

Question 47

Thoracoacromial a

Answer 47

branch of axillary a (under pec minor) - 4 branches: - -pectoral a - -clavicular a - -acromial a - -deltoid a

Question 48

Pectoral a

Answer 48

branch of Thoracoacromial a | -supplies upper pec region

Question 49

Clavicular a

Answer 49

branch of Thoracoacromial a | -supplies clavicle region

Question 50

Acromial a

Answer 50

branch of Thoracoacromial a | -supplies upper shoulder region

Question 51

Deltoid a

Answer 51

branch of Thoracoacromial a | -supplies lower should region

Question 52

Cutaneous nn of pec region

Answer 52

general sensation - T1-T6 - lateral and anterior cutaneous branches of intercostal nn

Question 53

Medial Pectoral n of pec region

Answer 53

medial cord of brachial plexus - -derived from ventral rami (C8-T1) - pierces pec minor to enter pec major - -supplies both

Question 54

Lateral Pectoral n of pec region

Answer 54

lateral cord of brachial plexus - derived from ventral rami (C5-C7) - -runs above pec minor to enter pec major - supplies the remainder of pec major m

Question 55

Long Thoracic n of pec region

Answer 55

derived from ventral rami (C5-C7) -supplies serratus anterior m superficially --damage can occur during mastectomy resulting in "winged scapula"