Intro 2 Neuro

Question 1

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 1

External Environment: conscious sensation (peripheral), striated mm

Question 2

Autonomic Nervous System

Answer 2

Internal Environment (visceral): sensation (and homeostasis), smooth mm and glands

Question 3

Neuraxis

Answer 3

transverse section through the center

Question 4

Horizontal Neuraxis

Answer 4

transverse section perpendicular to the coronal section

Question 5

Prosencephalon

Answer 5

Cerebrum: telencephalon (cerebral hemispheres) and diencephalon

Question 6

Mesencephalon

Answer 6

Midbrain

Question 7

Rhombencephalon

Answer 7

Metencephalon (pons and cerebellum) and Myelencephalon (medulla oblongata)

Question 8

Spinal Cord begins…

Answer 8

at the base of the skull (Foramen Magnum)= the junction btw the rhombencephalon and spinal cord

Question 9

Choroid Plexus

Answer 9

vascular toughs= produces CSF- lateral, 3rd, and 4th ventricles

Question 10

CNS Glia (“glue”) Cells

Answer 10

astrocytes= look like stars
oligodendroglia= produce myline (white)
microglia= immune in CNS

Question 11

PNS Glia Cells

Answer 11

neurilemmal cell of Schwann- similar to oligodendroglia

Question 12

Small Molecule Neurotransmitters

Answer 12

glutamate (E)= CNS usually
GABA (I)= CNS
acetylcholine (Ach)= memory

-E or I based on receptors

Question 13

Monoamines

Answer 13

dopamine (E)= DO or DA
norepinephrine and epinephrine (E)
serotonin (E)

Question 14

Neuropeptides

Answer 14

ACTH

substance P=PAIN- co-transmitter (accessory NT)

Question 15

–a group of nerve cell bodies in the CNS?

Answer 15

Nucleus

Question 16

–a group of nerve cell bodies in the PNS?

Answer 16

Ganglion

Question 17

Ipsilateral

Answer 17

axon is on the SAME side as the target

Question 18

Contralateral

Answer 18

axon is on OPPOSITE side as the target

Question 19

Bilateral

Answer 19

axon and target are on BOTH sides

Question 20

Decussation

Answer 20

crossing

Question 21

Commissure

Answer 21

connects one side to the other

Question 22

Meninges

Answer 22

dura mater- dural septae
arachnoid- arachnoid trabeculae
pia mater

Question 23

Lines the skull

Answer 23

adhere to each other (potential space/sinuses)
endosteal layer
meningeal layer

Question 24

Dural Septae

Answer 24

falx cerebri

tentorium cerebelli- tentorial incisure (tentorial notch)-opening for brain stem

Question 25

Lateral Fissure btw

Answer 25

temporal and frontal lobes- deep groove

Question 26

Central Sulcus btw

Answer 26

parietal and frontal lobes

Question 27

Insular Cortex

Answer 27

portion of the cerebral cortex folded deep within the lateral sulcus (the fissure separating the temporal lobe from the parietal and frontal lobes)

Question 28

Anterior Commissure

Answer 28

connecting the two cerebral hemispheres across the midline

Question 29

Corpus Callosum

Answer 29

connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres

Question 30

Posterior Commissure

Answer 30

crossing the middle line on the dorsal aspect of the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct

Question 31

% of Blood Flow to Brain

Answer 31

20%

Question 32

Arachnoid Villus

Answer 32

allow CSF to be resorbed

Question 33

Increase of inter-cranial pressure will continue to the back of the eye and...

Answer 33

constrict the Optic papilla (disk)

Question 34

Epidural Hematoma

Answer 34

blood build up btw skull and dura mater

Question 35

Subdural Hematoma

Answer 35

blood build up btw dura mater and aracnoid mater

Question 36

Frontal Lobe

Answer 36

- largest | - motor function

Question 37

Parietal Lobe

Answer 37

- touch | - directs (the driver) of the frontal lobe

Question 38

Brainstem Arteries

Answer 38

Vertebral --> Basilar

Question 39

Cerebral Arterial Circle

Answer 39

Basilar --> Posterior Cerebral --> Posterior Communicating --> Internal Carotid --> Middle Cerebral --> Anterior Cerebral --> Anterior Communicating

Question 40

Aneurysm

Answer 40

hemerage in subarachnoid space

Question 41

Anterior Cerebral A supplies:

Answer 41

medial and anterior of brain

Question 42

Posterior Cerebral A supplies:

Answer 42

lateral and posterior of brain?