Scapula, AC Joint and Clavicle Flashcards

1
Q

What are the projections of the clavicle?

A

AP
AP Axial
PA
PA Axial

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2
Q

Clavicle - AP Projection

A

Upright or recumbent
CR - perpendicular
CP - middle of clavicle
Suspend on inspiration

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3
Q

Why do you suspend on inspiration for an AP Clavicle Projection?

A

so that the clavicle is as high off the ribs as it can be

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4
Q

Clavicle -AP Evaluation criteria

A

Entire clavicle visualized and centered
uniform density
lateral aspect above humerus
medial aspect superimposing the thorax

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5
Q

Clavicle - AP Axial Projection

A

Upright or recumbent
CR - 15-30 degrees cephalad
- asthenic patients would require more angulature
Suspend on inspiration
secondary marker of up arrow signalling axial

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6
Q

Clavicle - AP Axial Evaluation criteria

A

Entire clavicle visualized
majority of clavicle above scapula/ribs
medial end superimposing second rib
clavicle is more horizontal

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7
Q

What are the benefits/downsides to performing PA clavicle projections? What would the CR angle be?

A

OID is smaller, less radiation to thyroid
more painful for patient
15-30 degrees caudad

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8
Q

How do you image pedicatric clavicle?

A

supine for immobilization
bilateral for comparison

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9
Q

AC Joint - AP projection

A

Upright in true AP
CP - MSP at level of AC joint
suspend on exhilation
Use both R and L markers (WW or weights)
Thyroid and gonadal sheilding
180cm SID
1 with and 1 without weights

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10
Q

AC Joint- AP Evaluation criteria

A

both joints included, with and without weights
no rotation or leaning
if present, joint separation seen clearly on image with weights
no shrugging - arms relaxed down with weights

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11
Q

AC Joint- AP Unilateral

A

4 images required
- with and without for each joint
- still give both weights
- maintain SID
- LPO or RPO depending on side
Thyroid collar not required
15X20cm FOV

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12
Q

Scapula - AP Projection

A

Abduct arm to a right angle with body
Include all of scapula
Shallow breathing technique
- increase time, reduce mA

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13
Q

Scapula - AP evaluation criteria

A

Lateral portion of scapula free from superimposition
Scapula slightly obliqued
No lung markings

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14
Q

Scapula - Lateral (Y)

A

Oblique to align acromion and medial scapula (45-60 degrees) arm out of way
AP or PA oblique
- marker and shield correctly orriented
Suspend respiration

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15
Q

Scapula - Lateral (Y) evaluation criteria

A

No superimposition of scapular body over bony thorax
No superimposition of humerus over scapula
Lateral scapula
humeral head and glenoid between coracoid and acromion

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