scalp and cranial cavity Flashcards
Five layers of tissue of the scalp
S- skin
C- Connective tissue
A- Epicranial aponeurosis -strong membranous tendon connecting the anteriorly Placed frontalis muscle and the posterior placed occipitalis
L- Loose connective tissue - allows the outer three layers to move freely over the skull
P- Periosteum of cranium
Walls of cranial cavity
consist of inner and outer tables of compact bone that are separated by spongy bone called diploë
Cranial meninges
cranial meninges
Three membranes that surround the brain, and a continuous with the meninges of the spinal cord
dura Mater fused to periosteum. Therefore it is considered to have two parts.
Periosteal Dura- continuous with periosteum of the inner surface of the skull
Meningeal Dura- continuous with dura of spinal cord
Dura Mater
Fused to the periosteum
Periosteal Dura
Meningeal Dura
arachnoid Mater
Delicate membrane, that lines the inner surface of a Dura
Arachnoid trabeculae are fine extensions that span across the subdural space attached to the pia mater
Pia mater
Vascular, delicate membrane that attaches to the brain
what creates channels?
The separation of the meningeal dura from the periosteal Dura
these channels are lined with an endothelium, and they receive veins that during the brain and the meninges
in effect venous channels, responsible for draining the contents of the cranial cavity
dural folds
falx cerebri
falx cerebelli
tentorium cerebelli
diaphragma sellae
dural venous sinuses
superior sagittal sinus
inferior sagittal sinus
transverse sinus
occipital sinus
cavernous sinuses
superior petrosal sinus
inferior petrosal sinus
sigmoid sinus
neural cranium bones
occipital
sphenoid
Frontal
Ethmoidal
Parietal
Temporal
viscerocranium bones
palatine
Zygomatic
Ethmoid
Nasal
Lacrimal
Vomer
Inferior nasal conche
Maxillae
Mandible
Anterior cranial fossa
foramen cecum
cribriform foramina in cribriform plate
anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina
Middle cranial fossa
optic canals
Superior orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
foramen spinosum
Foramen lacerum
Groove or hiatus of greater petrosal nerve
Optic canals
optic nerve
Ophthalmic arteries
Superior orbital fissure
ophthalmic veins
Ophthalmic nerve V1
Cranial nerves III, IV, VI, and sympathetic fibers
foramen ovale
Mandibular nerve V3
Accessory meningeal artery
foramen rotundum
maxillary nerve CN V2
foramen spinosum
middle meningeal artery and vein
Meningeal branch of cranial nerve V3
foramen lacerum
internal carotid artery
Accompanying sympathetic, and Venous plexuses
groove hiatus of greater petrosal nerve
Greater petrosal, nerve and petrosal branch of middle meningeal artery
Posterior cranial fossa
Foramen magnum
Jugular foramen
Hypoglossal canal
Condylar canal
Mastoid foramen
Foramen magnum
medulla and meninges
Vertebral arteries
CN XI
Dural veins
Anterior and posterior spinal arteries
jugular foramen
CN IX, X, XI
superior bulb of internal jugular vein
Inferior petrosal and Sigmoid sinuses
meningeal branches of ascending pharyngeal and occipital arteries
Hypoglossal canal
Hypoglossal nerve
CN XII
condylar canal
emissory vein that passes from sigmoid sinus to vertebral veins in neck
mastoid foramen
Mastoid emissary vein from sigmoid, sinus and meningeal branch of occipital artery
Distribution of the trigeminal nerve
ophthalmic nerve- supraorbital fissure
Maxillary nerve - foramen rotundum
Mandibular nerve - mental foramen
distribution of the facial nerve
Temporal
Zygomatic
buccal
Marginal mandibular
Cervical
Five branches
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