Scale in biology! Flashcards
Ordering from the ability to see largest to smallest, order “light microscopes”, “naked eye” and “electron microscope”
- Naked eye 2. light microscope 3. electron microscope.
What are the names given to the unit of measurements: 1 x 10-0, 1 x 10-3, 1 x 10-6 and 1 x 10-9?
metres, millimetres, micrometres, and nanometre
Why are logs used?
To find the cause for an effect i.e input for an out put. They also put numbers on a human-friendly scale.
Define isometry
Scaling something up and down to carry out the same function.
Define Allometry
The change/variation needed to carry out the same function.
What is body mass a function of?
The cube of linear dimensions
What is bone strength a function of?
The square of linear dimensions
what is the relationship between surface area and volume?
Surface area is proportional to volume^2/3
Why does the SA/volume relationship mean organisms need to develop?
Specific transport systems to increase surface area e.g. the gut, gills/lungs, and blood vessels/circulatory system.
What is the relationship between metabolic rate and mass?
Metabolic rate is proportional to Mass^0.75
Define “cell”
The basic units that make up organisms
How do cells multiply?
Through mitosis or meiosis
Briefly explain the endosymbiotic theory
It is the theory explaining how organelles arose within cells, leading to the major differences seen between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
What is the relationship between time and distance in terms of diffusion rate?
Time is proportional to distance^2
What are microtubules made of, and what is their function?
They are made from Tubulin, a dimer consisting of Alpha-tubulin and Beta-tubulin. They help keep the cell shape, with cell motility, and organelle movements.
