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gcse chemistry > sc13, transition metals, alloys, corrosion (paper 1) > Flashcards

sc13, transition metals, alloys, corrosion (paper 1) Flashcards

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1
Q

in what groups are transition metals found in

A

between 2 and 3

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2
Q

give properties of transition metals

A
  • high melting points (except mercury)
  • high density
  • stronger + harder than group 1 and 2, so they are more suitable as construction metals
  • form coloured compounds
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3
Q

transition metals have catalytic activity, what does this mean

A
  • increase the rate of a chemical reaction
  • without altering the products of a reaction
  • without changing chemically
  • without changing in mass at the end of reaction
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4
Q

suggest two reasons why a metal object may be electropated

A
  • improve it’s appearance
  • improve its resistance to corrosion
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5
Q

what happens in the process of electropating a metal object

A
  • a thin layer of an unreactive metal is deposited on the surface of the metal object
  • (e.g silver, nickel, gold)
  • keeping air and water out
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6
Q

how can you prevent rusting from oxygen and water

A
  • painting
  • using oil or grease
  • coating with plastic or another metal
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7
Q

what is name given to the process of coating a metal with another metal

A

galvanising

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8
Q

what is galvanising

A

coating a metal with another metal

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9
Q

what happens during galvanising

A
  • the metal is dipped in molten metal or electropated with it
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10
Q

what are the conditions for the chosen metal in galvanising

A
  • more reactive thn iron
  • reacts slowly with water
  • so it corrodes before the iron/steel
  • and prevents air and water reaching the iron beneath (acts as a sacraficial protector)
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11
Q

how can you keep oxygen away from an object

A

store it in a vacuum cleaner

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12
Q

how can you keep water away from an object

A

store it in a container with a desiccant

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13
Q

what is a desiccant

A

absorbs water vapour

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14
Q

what is an alloy

A

a mixture of a metal with one or more other elements (usually another metal or carbon0

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15
Q

what metal is mixed with pure iron to form an alloy called steel

A

carbon and other metals

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16
Q

why is pure iron often mixed with other elements

A

it’s too soft for most purposes

17
Q

what is the most common steel

A

carbon steels

18
Q

what are the two main properties of carbon steels

A
  • consist of iron with up to 2% carbon
  • are harder and stronger than iron alone
19
Q

suggest why copper and gold is a good alloy for jewellery

A
  • both unreactive
  • similar in colour
20
Q

what is stainless steel

A

an iron alloy that resists corrosion fused to make items

21
Q

suggest why stainless steel is used in cutlery, washine machine, dishwashers etc.

A
  • contain an invisible thin layer of chromium oxide on the surface of the steel
  • it stops air and water reaching the iron
  • the layer quickly reforms if it’s scratched
22
Q

why are alloys stronger than their pure metals

A
  • in their pure metals, layers of atoms can slide over each other easily
  • the metal mixed in atoms disrupts the layers so they cannot slide over each other easily
23
Q

what is the carbon steel alloy made of

A

iron mixed with carbon

24
Q

what is the magnalium alloy made of

A

aluminium mixed with magnesium

25
Q

what is the gold jewellery alloy made of

A

gold mixed with copper

26
Q

what is the brass alloy made of

A

copper mixed with zinc

27
Q

what are the properties of the carbon steel alloy

A
  • hard
  • strong
28
Q

what are the properties of the magnalium alloy

A
  • low density
29
Q

what are the properties of the gold jewellery alloy

A
  • attractive
  • resistant to corrosion
  • shiny
30
Q

what are the properties of the brass alloy

A
  • hard
  • resistant to corrosion
  • good conductor
31
Q

what is the carbon steel alloy used for

A
  • buildings
  • car
  • bridges
32
Q

what is the magnalium alloy used for

A

car and plane parts

33
Q

what is the gold jewellery alloy used for

A

jewellery

34
Q

what is the brass alloy used for

A
  • electrical plugs
  • coins
35
Q

how do you convert from mol dm-3 to g dm-3

A

multiply the concentration by the Mr of the solute

36
Q

how do you convert from g dm-3 to mol dm-3

A

divide concentration by Mr of the solute

37
Q

what does mol dm-3 stand for

A

moles per cubic decimeter

gcse chemistry (27 decks)

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