SB9a-b Flashcards
What resources do plants need to survive?
- Water
- Sunlight
- Carbon dioxide
- Oxygen
- Warmth
- Mineral ions
What resources do animals need to survive?
- Food
- Water
- Shelter
- Oxygen
What is an ecosystem?
All living organisms in a given area together with the abiotic factors (wind, temperature, water etc).
What is a community?
All living organisms that live and interact in an ecosystem.
What does it mean when organisms are interdependant?
They depend on each other for their survival.
What is a habitat?
Where an organism lives.
What is an abundance?
A measure of how common an organism is in an area.
What does a food chain show?
The feeding relationships between organisms.
What do arrows represent in a food chain?
The energy transfer from one organism to the next.
What is a food web?
Many food chains connected together showing the feeding relationship between organisms.
What is a population?
The number of individuals of the same species in a given area per given time.
What is random sampling?
Estimating population using sampling methods such as quadrats.
What is systematic sampling?
Estimating the distribution of organisms in an area using quadrats by using them in transects.
What is biomass?
The dry mass of living organisms.
What is a trophic level?
Every level in a food chain.
What happens to the energy that is not used for growth when transferred between trophic levels?
It is wasted through different ways depending on the organism so less energy is available to be used as biomass. The more the trophic levels a food chain has, the less energy reaches the top predator.
What is the maximum number of trophic levels in a food chain?
5.
How can we calculate the efficiency of energy transfer?
energy transferred to biomass
Energy transfer efficiency = _________________________________
total energy supplied to organism
What do pyramids of biomass show?
The amount of biomass at each trophic level in a food chain.
What is the unit for biomass?
g/m²
What are the conditions for a pyramid of biomass?
- Height has to be the same
- Width must correspond to the data
How do we calculate the percentage transfer of biomass between trophic levels in a pyramid of biomass?
mass of consumer trophic level
Percentage biomass transfer = ______________________________
mass of producer trophic level
