SB5a-b Flashcards
What are the 3 factors that affect health?
Physical well being
1. Free from infections/injuries
2. Getting regular activity and good sleep
Social well-being
1. How well you interact with others
2. Having friends
3. How your surroundings affect you (e.g. if you are happy with your work/school etc.)
Mental well-being
1. How you feel about yourself
2. Having self-esteem
What is a pathogen?
Microorganisms that cause diseases.
What is a communicable disease?
When a disease is contagious (can be passed from person to person/animal to animal with the help of pathogens).
What is a non-communicable disease?
When a disease isn’t contagious (cannot be passed from person to person/animal to animal).
What are 3 communicable diseases?
- Flu
- HIV
- Gastroenteritis
What are 3 non-communicable diseases?
- Cystic fibrosis
- Sickle-cell anaemia
- Cancer
Where do non-communicable diseases originate?
These diseases are usually inherited from parents. They originate from a mutation in genes or a lifestyle result.
What is the difference between correlation and causation?
Correlation: When one variable changes the other variable appears to change as well.
Causation: When one variable changes it causes the other variable to change as well.
How are diseases correlated? (3 reasons)
If we catch a disease, we are more likely to catch another. This is because:
- One disease damages the immune system, making it easier for other pathogens to cause diseases.
- A disease damages the body’s natural barriers and defences, allowing pathogens to get into the body more easily.
- A disease stops organ systems from working effectively, making other diseases more likely to occur.
What is malnutrition a result of?
Not having a balanced diet and not getting every nutrient needed.
What are 4 examples of deficiency diseases?
- Scurvy
- Kwashiorkor
- Anaemia
- Rickets
See SB5b table (booklet/book).
What can too much alcohol consumption cause?
Damage to the liver, causing cirrhosis of the liver.
What is the function of the liver and how does alcohol affect it?
Removing toxic substances from the blood that can cause harm to the body or blood. Too much exposure to ethanol (substance in alcohol) causes scar tissue on the liver (cirrhosis).
What are the long-term effects of alcohol?
- Cirrhosis of the liver
- Brain damage
- Blood clots in the brain
What are the short-term effects of alcohol?
- Blurred vision
- Loss of coordination
- Unconsciousness
- Vomiting
- Aggressiveness
- Memory loss
- Hangover
- Lowers negative feelings
What is the cost to society from the effects of alcohol?
- Accidents due to drunken drivers can cause injuries or death to themselves and others.
- Aggressive behaviour due to drinking could lead to damage of properties.
- Money and resources of hospitals are spent on treating drunk people and people with liver disease.
