SB1 Flashcards

1
Q

How many sub-cellular structures does a plant cell have

A

8

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2
Q

How many sub-cellular structures does a animal cell have

A

5

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3
Q

How many sub-cellular structures does a bacteria cell have

A

5

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4
Q

What does the nucleus do

A

Contains DNA that controls the cell

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5
Q

What does cytoplasm do

A

It’s where chemical reactions happen

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6
Q

What does the cell membrane do

A

Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out

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7
Q

What does mitochondria do

A

Where respiration happens

Transfers energy that the cell needs to work

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8
Q

What doe ribosomes do

A

Where protein synthesis happens

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9
Q

What does the cell wall do

A

Supports and strengthens cell

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10
Q

What does the vacuole do

A

Contains cell sap

Holds nutrients and water

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11
Q

What does chloroplast do

A

Where photosynthesis happens

Contains chlorophyll

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12
Q

What are plasmid DNA

A

Small loops of extra DNA

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13
Q

What does chromosomal DNA do

A

Controls cells activities

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14
Q

What does the flagellum do

A

Helps cell to move

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15
Q

What is a haploid cell

A

23 chromosomes

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16
Q

What is a diploid cell

A

46 chromosomes

17
Q

Are these haploid or diploid:

  • bacteria
  • animal
  • plant
  • egg
  • sperm
A
Neither 
Diploid 
Diploid 
Haploid 
Haploid
18
Q

Give and explain the role of a specialised cell

Not egg or sperm

A

Ciliated epithelial cell
Are to move substances
The cilia on top of the cell allow it to do this

19
Q

What is the equation for magnification

A

Image size
divided by
Actual size

I
Am

20
Q

What is the difference between a light and electron microscope

A

ELECTRON
higher magnification
Higher resolution
Fires electrons at object

LIGHT
Uses light to see object

21
Q

Define resolution

A

The smallest distance that two points can be seen as two points

22
Q

What are the units of measure

A

Millimeter.
Mm

Micrometer 
Y(upside down)m

Nanometer
Nm

Picometer
Pm

23
Q

What enzyme breaks down protein and into what

A

Protease into amino acids

24
Q

What enzyme breaks down fats and into what

A

Lipases into fatty acids

25
What enzyme breaks down carbohydrates and into what
Amylase into maltose
26
What is the test for carbohydrates And how does it work
Iodine Add iodine to sample Starch ✅ goes from orange/brown to black Starch ❌ stays orange/brown
27
What is the test for sugar And how does it work
Benedicts Add benedict solution (blue) to sample Place in water bath Sugar✅ blue to brick red Blue to green to yellow to orange to brick red Sugar❌ stays blue
28
What is the test for fats And how does it work
Ethanol Put ethanol in sample ,shake , until dissolved then pour in water Lipids✅they will precipitate our of the liquid as show a milky solution Lipids❌ no change
29
What is the test for proteins And how does it work
Biuret Test Add (blue) solution to sample Protein✅ Turn purple Protein❌ stay blue
30
Define diffusion
Movement of particles from a high to low concentration
31
Define osmosis
Movement of water from a high to low concentration through a semi permeable membrane
32
Define active transport
Movement of particles low to high concentration through a membrane