Sayner- Drugs for Calcium Disorders ILA

Question 1

first 2 ways to treat osteoporosis (non-pharmacological)

Answer 1

lifestyle changes
correct calcium and vitamin D deficiencies

Question 2

Attach to hydroxyapatite crystals on bone surface prevents osteoclast attachment, promotes osteoclast apoptosis (used to treat osteoporosis)

Answer 2

bisphosphonates

Question 3

Alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate

Answer 3

bisphosphonates

Question 4

Acts at bone to inhibit osteoclast differentiation and activity; used in postmenopausal women (SERM)

Answer 4

Raloxifene

Question 5

CI of this drug includes DVT, post-menopause

Answer 5

Raloxifene

Question 6

Binds RANKL preventing osteoclast differentiation, promotes osteoclast apoptosis (monoclonal antibody to treat osteoporosis)

Answer 6

Denosumab

Question 7

Promotes osteoblast maturation and bone deposition; increases Ca absorption (GI) and calcium reabsorption (renal)
(recombinant PTH)

Answer 7

Teriparatide

Question 8

Short-term hypocalcemic hormone (s.c., intranasal spray)
Binds osteoclasts to inhibits osteoclastic activity (brings calcium from blood to bone)

Answer 8

calcitonin

Question 9

Characterized by weak bones,
elevated serum alkaline phosphatase

Answer 9

Pagets disease of bone

Question 10

to treat Pagets Disease of the bone

Answer 10

bisphosphonates
calcitonin
vitamin D and calcium

Question 11

Rickets and osteomalacia caused by what vitamin deficiency

Answer 11

Vitamin D

Question 12

to treat vitamin D deficiency (3 things)

Answer 12

calcitriol (active vitamin D)
cholecalciferol
calcium

Question 13

general malaise, loss of memory
anorexia, nausea, polyuria

Answer 13

hypercalcemia

Question 14

Increased PTH leads to:
Elevated serum calcium

Reduced serum phosphate

Vitamin D activation

Increased osteoclast activity and bone loss

Answer 14

hyperparathyroidism

Question 15

leads to volume expansion to help treat hypercalcemia

Answer 15

saline diuresis

Question 16

increases calcium clearance to help treat hypercalcemia

Answer 16

loop diuretics

Question 17

these two inhibit osteoclastic activity to help treat hypercalcemia

Answer 17

calcitonin
bisphosphonates

Question 18

binds RANKL (used to treat osteoporosis and hypercalcemia)

Answer 18

Denosumab

Question 19

antagonize effect of Vitamin D on intestine used to treat hypercalcemia

Answer 19

Corticosteroids

Question 20

Bind to the calcium sensing receptor on parathyroid cells Increases the sensitivity of PTH cells to the level of circulating calcium
(used to treat hypercalcemia)

Answer 20

Cinacalcet

Question 21

Surgery
Cinacalcet
Bisphosphonates
SERMs
(primary treatment for what)

Answer 21

hyperparathyroidism

Question 22

numbness and tingling of the fingertips
frequent muscle cramps
twitching of facial muscles (Chvostek sign)
carpal contractions (Trousseau sign)

Answer 22

hypocalcemia

Question 23

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PTH resistance)
Consequence of thyroidectomy
Vitamin D deficiency
Chronic renal disease

Answer 23

causes of hypocalcemia

Question 24

calcium salts
vitamin D
recombinant PTH

Answer 24

treat hypocalcemia