Sayner- Drugs for Calcium Disorders ILA Flashcards
first 2 ways to treat osteoporosis (non-pharmacological)
lifestyle changes
correct calcium and vitamin D deficiencies
Attach to hydroxyapatite crystals on bone surface prevents osteoclast attachment, promotes osteoclast apoptosis (used to treat osteoporosis)
bisphosphonates
Alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate
bisphosphonates
Acts at bone to inhibit osteoclast differentiation and activity; used in postmenopausal women (SERM)
Raloxifene
CI of this drug includes DVT, post-menopause
Raloxifene
Binds RANKL preventing osteoclast differentiation, promotes osteoclast apoptosis (monoclonal antibody to treat osteoporosis)
Denosumab
Promotes osteoblast maturation and bone deposition; increases Ca absorption (GI) and calcium reabsorption (renal)
(recombinant PTH)
Teriparatide
Short-term hypocalcemic hormone (s.c., intranasal spray)
Binds osteoclasts to inhibits osteoclastic activity (brings calcium from blood to bone)
calcitonin
Characterized by weak bones,
elevated serum alkaline phosphatase
Pagets disease of bone
to treat Pagets Disease of the bone
bisphosphonates
calcitonin
vitamin D and calcium
Rickets and osteomalacia caused by what vitamin deficiency
Vitamin D
to treat vitamin D deficiency (3 things)
calcitriol (active vitamin D)
cholecalciferol
calcium
general malaise, loss of memory
anorexia, nausea, polyuria
hypercalcemia
Increased PTH leads to:
Elevated serum calcium
Reduced serum phosphate
Vitamin D activation
Increased osteoclast activity and bone loss
hyperparathyroidism
leads to volume expansion to help treat hypercalcemia
saline diuresis
increases calcium clearance to help treat hypercalcemia
loop diuretics
these two inhibit osteoclastic activity to help treat hypercalcemia
calcitonin
bisphosphonates
binds RANKL (used to treat osteoporosis and hypercalcemia)
Denosumab
antagonize effect of Vitamin D on intestine used to treat hypercalcemia
Corticosteroids
Bind to the calcium sensing receptor on parathyroid cells Increases the sensitivity of PTH cells to the level of circulating calcium
(used to treat hypercalcemia)
Cinacalcet
Surgery
Cinacalcet
Bisphosphonates
SERMs
(primary treatment for what)
hyperparathyroidism
numbness and tingling of the fingertips
frequent muscle cramps
twitching of facial muscles (Chvostek sign)
carpal contractions (Trousseau sign)
hypocalcemia
Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PTH resistance)
Consequence of thyroidectomy
Vitamin D deficiency
Chronic renal disease
causes of hypocalcemia
calcium salts
vitamin D
recombinant PTH
treat hypocalcemia
