Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ENR Biweekly 3 > Kestler- PCOS ILA > Flashcards

Kestler- PCOS ILA Flashcards

1
Q

nearly all causes of _____ are due to functional ovarian hyperandrogenism

A

PCOS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Theca cells overexpress most steroidogenic enzymes and proteins involved in androgen synthesis →

A

increased androgens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

LH stimulates ovarian androgen production, but lower FSH levels prevent aromatase activity within the granulosa cells, decreasing _______

A

androgen conversion to potent estrogen estradiol (E2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hyperandrogenism is further aggravated by ____

A

hyperinsulinemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Menstrual irregularities (possibly amenorrhea), chronic anovulation, and infertility

A

PCOS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hirsutism, acne, deepening of voice, and alopecia (especially temporal balding) signs of PCOS and due to what

A

excess androgens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Obesity or difficulty losing weight due to what in PCOS

A

insulin resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

PEx findings include acanthosis nigricans and enlarged ovaries on bimanual exam

A

PCOS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

two of the following:
Clinical and/or biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism
Oligo- and/or anovulation
Polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) via ultrasound

A

to diagnose PCOS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

increased free testosterone

A

test for hyperandrogenism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

transvaginal ultrasound with “string of pearls” sign or ovarian volume >10 mL

A

PCOS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Increased LH:FSH ratio (> 2:1)
and 2 hours oral glucose tolerance test

A

PCOS diagnostics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Infertility
Metabolic syndrome
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Coronary artery disease
Endometrial hyperplasia/cancer (due to chronic anovulation and increased estrogen)
Obstructive sleep apnea

A

long term complications of PCOS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

reduce levels of androgens
protect endometrium
encourage lifestyle changes
monitor for complications

A

treatment goals for PCOS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

treatment for women who ARE NOT trying to conceive

A

combination oral contraceptive therapy

metformin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

treatment for women who ARE trying to conceive

A

ovulation induction meds

metformin

17
Q

aromatase inhibitor used as ovulation induction medication

A

Letrozole

18
Q

selective estrogen receptor modulator used as ovulation induction medication

A

clomiphene citrate

19
Q

Combo OCPs are first line; antiandrogens (spironolactone, finasteride) and metformin may also be used (to treat what symptom)

A

Hirsutism

20
Q

Weight loss and healthy lifestyle changes to treat what

A

obesity and diabetes and risk factors in PCOS

ENR Biweekly 3 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions