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GI > Satiation Signals > Flashcards

Satiation Signals Flashcards

1
Q

What is CCK?

A

Cholecystokinin

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2
Q

Where is CCK secreted from?

A

Enteroendocrine cells in duodenum and jejunum

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3
Q

Why is CCK released?

A

In proportion to lipids and proteins in meal

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4
Q

What does CCK do?

A

Signals via sensory nerves to hindbrain and stimulates hindbrain directly

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5
Q

What are different types of satiation signals?

A 
Cholecystokinin
Peptide YY (PYY)
Glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1)
Oxyntomodulin (OXM) 
Obestatin 
Grehlin
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6
Q

What is PYY?

A

Peptide YY

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7
Q

Where is PYY secreted from?

A

Secreted from endocrine mucosal L-cells of GI tract

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8
Q

When is PYY secreted?

A

(after-eating)Levels increase rapidly post-prandially

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9
Q

What does PYY do?

A

Inhibits gastric motility, slows emptying and reduces food intake

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10
Q

What does GLP-1 stand for?

A

Glucagon-like peptide

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11
Q

What is GLP-1 a product of?

A

Pro-glucagon gene

It is also released from L-cells in response to food ingestion

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12
Q

What does GLP-1 do?

A

Inhibits gastric emptying and reduces food intake

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13
Q

What does OXM stand for?

A

Oxyntomodulin

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14
Q

What is OXM released from?

A

It is from a pro-glucagon gene

RELEASED from oxyntic cells and L- cells of small intestines after meal

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15
Q

What does OXM do?

A

Acts to suppress appetite

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16
Q

What is obestatin?

A

Peptide produced from gene that encodes grehlin

17
Q

What is obestatin released from?

A

Cells lining stomach/small intestine

18
Q

What does obestatin do?

A

Reduce food intake

Antagonise the actions of grehlin

19
Q

What is grehlin (generally)?

A

Hunger signal

20
Q

How does Grehlin work?

A

Levels of grehlin increase before meals and decrease after

21
Q

What raises levels of grehlin?

A

Fasting and hypoglycaemia

22
Q

What does peripheral grehlin do?

A

Stimulates food intake, decreases energy expenditure and decreases fat utilization (increases body weight)

GI (15 decks)

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