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infectious disease > SARS > Flashcards

SARS Flashcards

1
Q

SARS

A

severe acute respiratory syndrome

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2
Q

When and where did sars first appear

A

china in november 2002

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3
Q

what was observed in the guangdong province in november 2002

A

highly contagious and severe atypical pneumonia

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4
Q

what did highly contagious and severe atypical pneumonia involve

A

cells dying causing gas exhange to go down

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5
Q

what places were considered hot zones for SARS

A

vietnam, hong kong, singapore, toronto, china

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6
Q

when did the world health organization issue a worldwide disease alert

A

March 15th 2003

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7
Q

When was SARs found in Hong kong

A

February 2003

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8
Q

what are normal oxygen stats?

A

100-98%

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9
Q

what were the oxygen stats of one with SARS

A

80-70%

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10
Q

what was the mortality rate for SARS

A

4%

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11
Q

what is SARS caused by

A

coronavirus

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12
Q

when was the first coronavirus isolated

A

1937 from chickens

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13
Q

symptoms of SARS

A

-fever of 100.5 degrees
-persistent dry cough
-malaise and body aches
-shortness of breath
-cytokine storm

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14
Q

cytokine storm

A

overproduction of cytokines

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15
Q

what is the incubation period of SARS

A

roughly 6 days

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16
Q

what is the time period from exposure to onset of symptoms

A

2-16 days

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17
Q

when does one infected with SARS usually require intensive care

A

about 10 days after onset of symptoms

18
Q

week 1 of sars

A

cold like symptoms, fever, myalgia, chills, sore throat

19
Q

week 2 of sars

A

recurrence of fever, onset of diarrhea, oxygen desaturation

20
Q

what percent reaches the 3rd phase of SARs

A

20%

21
Q

what does the 3rd phase require

A

a ventilation system

22
Q

what is the fatality rate upon infection

A

about 10%

23
Q

how long can SARS survive outside the body on a dry surface

A

3-4 hours

24
Q

what is the main vector of SARS

A

water droplets

25
Q

what can SARS be spread by

A

any body fluid contact

26
Q

what is SARS natural host

A

masked palm civet

27
Q

how many species of the masked palm civet were found to harbor SARS

A

6

28
Q

what is considered the SARS natural reservoir host

A

horseshoe bats

29
Q

what are members of the coronavirus family that are relative of SARS

A

bovine coronavirus
murine hepatitis virus
avian bronchitis virus
porcine diarrhea virus

30
Q

SARS has no

A

vaccine

31
Q

Viral genome structure

A

The non-segmented RNA genome has 5’ cap and 3’ poly A tail
Genome size ranging from 27 to 32 kb contains 6 ORFs
Monocistronic mRNA
The virions is about 100 to 140 nm in diameter

32
Q

viral protein structure

A

Pleomorophic and enveloped particles
Characteristic long projected surface protein (spike) about 20 nm long

33
Q

SARS is less likely to spread

A

via fecal or airborne
-viral load is peaked at around 10 days and 13-14 days in stool

34
Q

superspreader

A

infectivity of a large population by major viral shedding by patients due to high concentration of virus
-singpore epidemic

35
Q

components of SARS isolation

A

-facility charactristics

36
Q

components of SARS isolation

A

-facility característics
-administrative controls
-organization of isolation area
-protective attrie
-hand hygiene
-cleaning and disinfection
-waste and linen handing

37
Q

MERS-Cov

A

middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus
-enveloped positive strand RNA virus

38
Q

what is the mortality rate of MERS

A

appox 50%

39
Q

6 human CoVs9 HCovs)

A

-HCoV-229E
– HCoV-OC43
– HCoV-NL63
– HCoV-HKU1
– SARS-CoV
– Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)

40
Q

where is when was MERS-CoV first reported?

A

april 13th 2012
60 year old saudi man
experiecning 7 day fever and cough

infectious disease (5 decks)

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