SARS Flashcards
SARS
severe acute respiratory syndrome
When and where did sars first appear
china in november 2002
what was observed in the guangdong province in november 2002
highly contagious and severe atypical pneumonia
what did highly contagious and severe atypical pneumonia involve
cells dying causing gas exhange to go down
what places were considered hot zones for SARS
vietnam, hong kong, singapore, toronto, china
when did the world health organization issue a worldwide disease alert
March 15th 2003
When was SARs found in Hong kong
February 2003
what are normal oxygen stats?
100-98%
what were the oxygen stats of one with SARS
80-70%
what was the mortality rate for SARS
4%
what is SARS caused by
coronavirus
when was the first coronavirus isolated
1937 from chickens
symptoms of SARS
-fever of 100.5 degrees
-persistent dry cough
-malaise and body aches
-shortness of breath
-cytokine storm
cytokine storm
overproduction of cytokines
what is the incubation period of SARS
roughly 6 days
what is the time period from exposure to onset of symptoms
2-16 days
when does one infected with SARS usually require intensive care
about 10 days after onset of symptoms
week 1 of sars
cold like symptoms, fever, myalgia, chills, sore throat
week 2 of sars
recurrence of fever, onset of diarrhea, oxygen desaturation
what percent reaches the 3rd phase of SARs
20%
what does the 3rd phase require
a ventilation system
what is the fatality rate upon infection
about 10%
how long can SARS survive outside the body on a dry surface
3-4 hours
what is the main vector of SARS
water droplets
what can SARS be spread by
any body fluid contact
what is SARS natural host
masked palm civet
how many species of the masked palm civet were found to harbor SARS
6
what is considered the SARS natural reservoir host
horseshoe bats
what are members of the coronavirus family that are relative of SARS
bovine coronavirus
murine hepatitis virus
avian bronchitis virus
porcine diarrhea virus
SARS has no
vaccine
Viral genome structure
The non-segmented RNA genome has 5’ cap and 3’ poly A tail
Genome size ranging from 27 to 32 kb contains 6 ORFs
Monocistronic mRNA
The virions is about 100 to 140 nm in diameter
viral protein structure
Pleomorophic and enveloped particles
Characteristic long projected surface protein (spike) about 20 nm long
SARS is less likely to spread
via fecal or airborne
-viral load is peaked at around 10 days and 13-14 days in stool
superspreader
infectivity of a large population by major viral shedding by patients due to high concentration of virus
-singpore epidemic
components of SARS isolation
-facility charactristics
components of SARS isolation
-facility característics
-administrative controls
-organization of isolation area
-protective attrie
-hand hygiene
-cleaning and disinfection
-waste and linen handing
MERS-Cov
middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus
-enveloped positive strand RNA virus
what is the mortality rate of MERS
appox 50%
6 human CoVs9 HCovs)
-HCoV-229E
– HCoV-OC43
– HCoV-NL63
– HCoV-HKU1
– SARS-CoV
– Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
where is when was MERS-CoV first reported?
april 13th 2012
60 year old saudi man
experiecning 7 day fever and cough
