Sarcoidosis Flashcards
What skin signs?
Erythema Nodosum
What ethnicity?
Black
What chest signs?
Mediastinal lymphadenopathy
Pulmonary fibrosis
Pulmonary nodules
How does heart change?
BBB
Heart block
Eye signs in sarcoidosis?
Optic neuritis
Uveitis
Conjuctivitis
Liver sarcoidosis
Liver nodules
Cirrhosis
Cholestasis
Neurological sarcoidosis
Facial nerve palsy Mononeuritis multiplex Nodules Pituitary involvement (diabetes insipidus) Encephalopathy
Kidney sarcoidosis
Kidney stones (due to hypercalcaemia)
Nephrocalcinosis
Interstitial nephritis
Systemic symptoms of sarcoidosis
Fatigue
Weight loss
Fever
What Ix for sarcoidosis
U&Es for kidney involvement
Urine dipstick or urine albumin-creatinine ratio to look for proteinuria indicating nephritis
LFTs for liver involvement
Ophthalmology review for eye involvement
ECG and echocardiogram for heart involvement
Ultrasound abdomen for liver and kidney involvement
How to manage sarcoidosis
No treatment is first line
Oral steroids for between 6 and 24 months. Bisphosphonates
Second line options are methotrexate or azathioprine
Lung transplant is rarely required in severe pulmonary disease
What is prognosis
Sarcoidosis spontaneously resolves within 6 months in around 60% of patients.
Small proportion lung transplant.
Death in sarcoidosis is usually when it affects the heart (causing arrhythmias) or the central nervous system.