Pleural disease Flashcards
1
Q
What is an exudative effusion?
A
High protein
2
Q
WHat is transudative effusion?
A
Low protein
3
Q
What causes exudative effusions?
A
Inflammation causing protein to leak- Cancer Pneumonia RA TB Trauma PE
4
Q
What causes transudative effusions?
A
Fluid shift- CCF Hypoalbuminaemia Hypothyroid Meig's syndrome (ovarian malignancy R sided effusion only) Nephrotic syndrome Liver cirrhosis
5
Q
How does an effusion present?
A
SOB
Dull to percuss
Reduced breath sounds
Tracheal deviation AWAY from effusion if massive
6
Q
What are CXR signs of effusion?
A
Blunting of angles
Fluid in fissures
Meniscus
Deviation
7
Q
How are effusions managed?
A
Treat cause
Aspirate
Chest drain if recurrent
8
Q
WHat is empyema?
A
Infection in pleural space- aspirate is acidic, low glucose and high LDH
Treated with chest drain and ABX
9
Q
What are signs of empyema?
A
Pain on deep inspiration
SIgns of pleural collection
10
Q
What ABX for empyema?
A
Co amox or
Meropenem for 3 weeks
