SAQ EXAMPLES Flashcards
Describe menstrual cycle on importance of hormones in this process?
Menstrual phase- estrogen, progesterone levels low as previous cycles corpus luteum has regressed. GNRH levels rise stimulating anterior gland.
Follicular phase-FSH released by anterior stimulating ovarian folllicles- produce estrogen- thickens Endometrium for implantation, estrogen also triggers negative feedback inhibiting FSH to prevent maturation of too many follicles.
Ovulation- High estrogen by LH- releasing mature egg from ovary
Luteal phase- follicle transforms into corpus luteum- secretes progesterone- maintains endometrium thickening and estrogen
If fertilisation does not occur corpus luteum degenerates leading to drop in progesterone and estrogen levels- decrease in hormone levels triggers menstruation.
Describe major functions of each lobe in the brain
Frontal lobe- controls decision making, impulse control, motor control
Partietal lobe- sensory information, spatial awareness
Temporal lobe- memory formation, auditory processing, language understanding
Occipital lobe- visual
Insular lobe- emotional regulation, autonomic functions like heart pressure
Explain synaptic transmission
Action potential invades pre synaptic terminal
Depolarisation opens Ca channels and triggers vesicle release
Transmitter diffuses across synaptic cleft to post synaptic receptor
Nicotinic ACh receptor activation depolarises membrane
Signalling is turned off by transmitter removal- acetylocholinestrase
Post synaptic potential triggers new action potential
