Respiratory System Flashcards
Functions of respiratory system
Breathing
Gas conditioning
Gas exchange- respiration
Produces sound
Protects respiratory surfaces from dehydration, temperature changes and depends against pathogens
Site for olfactory sensation- aiding sense of smell
What are the 2 parts of respiratory tract?
Conducting zone- from nasal cavity to terminal bronchioles Chanel for air to reach sites of gas exchange
Respiratory zone
Function of conducting zone
Provides a passageway for air to enter respiratory zone
Adjust air temperature
Humidify air
What is the respiratory zone?
Respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli
Sites of gas exchange
Respiratory defense system
Filteration mechanisms remove particles and pathogens
Goblet and mucus glands
Cilia
Filteration- in nasal cavity- removes large particles
Alveolar macrophages- engulf small particles in lungs
Type 1 cells:
Consists of simple sqaumous epithelium
Type 2 cells
Secrete surfactant- reduces surface tension
Oily secretion containing phospholipids and protein coats alveolar surfaces
Surfactant function
Helps prevent alveoli from collapsing
Alveolus function
Capillaries which form sheets over alveoli
Alveolar pores
Type 1 and 2 cells
Alveolar macrophages - dust cells- phagocytic cells
Respiratory membrane function
Gas exchanges in lungs- diffusion facilitated by large surface area and short diffusion path
Conducting passages humidify air
Alveolar gases mix with each breath
GAS IN THE ALVEOLI MIXTURE OF NEW GASES AND REMAINING GASES
Explain the Gas exchange at tissues
O2 moves into cells of tissue where its used for cellular respiration
CO2 moves from tissues into circulation- Carried into lungs to be exhaled as waste
Where does the bronchi enter the lung ?
Hilus
What is the cardiac notch?
Concavity on medial surface
Movement of air depends on:
Boyles law
Boyles law is …
Pressure and volume have a inverse relationship
Volume depends on movement of diaphragm and ribs
Pressure and airflow to lungs
